Kellys_Berks_Bucks&Oxon_1915_0991.jpg

d ir e c t o r y . ]

Ox f o r d s h i r e .

OXFORD.

195

■h'elds of various benefactors, and over the entrance is Aldrich and Doctors Busby, Freind, Nicholl and Frevin.
S 'larire window with crocketed ogee head; above all At the north-east corner of the great quadrangle is Dean
%es the well-known octagonal tower in which hangs Fell’s tower, heightened and restored during the restora­
‘‘GreatTom of Oxford,” formerly the clockbellatOseney tions of 1876-8, and furnished with a battlemented
Abbey and one of the largest^ bells in England; it has parapet and angle turret; a wide archway beneath this
been five times recast, the existing bell being the work tower leads to Peckwater quadrangle, which derives its
f Christopher Barker, of London, in 1680; and is 5ft. name from an ancient inn or hostel, once existing at the
°in in height, 21 feet in circumference and 7ft. 1 in. in south-west corner of the present court, and in the 13th
ILrneter and weighs 7 tons 12 cwt. Around the bell century the property of one Ralph Peckwater; the whole
the inscription: MAGNVS . THOMAS . CLVSIVS . quadrangle, as now existing, was rebuilt from designs
OXONIENSIS . RENATVS . APR . 8, 1680. Every by Dean Aldrich in 1705, excepting the southern side,
night, at five minutes past nine, it tolls 101 times containing the library, a stately building of two storeys,
(indicatingthe former number of students on the founda­ divided into seven compartments by tall and massive
tion of Christ Ohurch), and this curfew is taken as the pillars of the Corinthian order, supporting an entablature
and balustrading, a portion of which, extending over
signal for closing the various college gates. The great two
bays, was taken down and renewed in 1894 ; it was
quadrangle, entered through this gateway, is 264 by
261 feet square, and is surrounded by a wide flagged begun in 1716 and completed in 1761, from designs by
terrace walk originally intended for cloisters, the mural Dr. George Clarke, Fellow of All Souls and M.P. for the
shafts and springing of which remain, and the bases of University, 1685-7, aQd underwent some repairs in 1829;
n the lobby are busts of the four Georges by Rysbrack,
the exterior buttresses have been restored: in 1889 the i
Bacon and Chantrey, and a fine sitting statue, by Chaneast and south sides were permanently repaired, and in t
rey, of Dean Jackson, removed here from the cathedral;
1890 the north side was similarly treated; the lower th
portion of the building, forming a picture gal­
pinnacles and inner front of the east side of “Tom lerey,lower
tains the pictures and busts presented to the
Gate”were also restored by a private benefactor in 1902; collegecon
Brigadier-General Guise, and some
inthe centre of the quad is a circular pool, still called urious ipnain1t7i6n5gsby
of the Italian schools of the 13th, 14th
“Mercury.” from a leaden statue which formerly stood c
and 15th centuries, presented by the Hon. W. T. H.
there. On the south side is the hall with the new bell- jjFox
Strangways M.A. in 1828, furnishing original extower, on the east side the deanery, at the north-east ■ampies
f Margaritone, Oimabue, Mantegna, Andrea del
cornerDean Fell’s tower, and the remaining portions con­ Sarto, To
itian, and A. Carracci, with several specimens
sistchiefly of the houses of several of the canons; at 12 iby the hands
early masters previous to the introducp.m. on March 3rd, 1809, a serious fire broke out on the ;tion of paintinogf i
n oils; on the staircase is a statue of
south side of the quad, which at one time threatened to !Locke, by Roubiliac;
e library proper, 142 by 30 feet,
extend both to the hall and to Tom tower, and the south­(contains a select and vth
ollection of books, manuwestangle,the ancient siteofthe church ofSt. Michael-at- :scripts and coins, andaluianbclleudc
es a lectionary formerly
South Gate, was in great part destroyed; in 1876-8
thewhole quadrangle was very effectively restored under belonging to Wolsey, the original score of the
the direction of Messrs. Bodley and Garner, architects, Magdalen May Day hymn, a complete set of the
ofLondon, when the walls were refaced, and the balus- singular zodiacal coins of Hindostán, and tbe hat
f Cardinal Wolsey: in 1892 the cornices of the
trading erected by Wren replaced by embattled parapets o
bearing in panels the shields of Henry VIII., Cardinal library ceilings were carefully repaired, and the enrich­
renewed: in 1889 the roofs of the Peckwater
Wolsey and various benefactors: in the course of the ments
buildings were repaired and dormers added; eastward of
work the lower portions of many of the piers erected Peckwater
is the small Canterbury quadrangle
forthe cloister designed by Wolsey were uncovered, and which occuquadrangle
pies the site of Canterbury College, founded
havesincebeen renewed; the new campanile or bell-tower, by Simon I
slip, Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1363 : the
situated at the south-east corner, is a massive oblong
old buildings, which had been refitted for use of stu­
structurein the Perpendicular style, with open embattled d
nts by Dean Brian Duppa, were removed in 1773, and
turretsatthe angles, and contains a fineand musical peal te
of 12 bells, the “Bonny Christ Church Bells” of Dean he north and east sides rebuilt, chiefly at the expense of
D
r
Aldrich; of these the fifth and tenth are said to have . Richard Robinson, Archbishop of Armagh and
comefrom Oseney Abbey;the firstfour date from 1698 to Primate of Ireland, who contributed upwards of £4,000;
I747:the tenth is dated 1589, and the rest, except two the fine gateway on the east side, which is the principal
added in 1897, date from 1611 to 1640, three having in­ entrance to the college from the east, adjoins Corpus
scriptionsin old English characters; the 10 old bells were Ohristi college, and was rebuilt in 1778, from a design
removed from the cathedral tower in 1871, and were by Mr. J. Wyatt: it consists of a single arch flanked on
rehung in the new belfry in 1872; a wide archway in each side by two columns of the Doric order, supporting
frieze and parapet, the frontage on either side is re­
thistower opens into the spacious vaulted staircase lobby a
leading to the hall, the exquisite fan tracing of which, lieved by blank recesses; a large space of ground to the
north
of this gate, formerly shut in by a high wall, ha*
supported by a single clustered pillar, is a remarkable
example oflatePerpendicular, and was erected in 1640 by now been for the most part thrown into the street,
and
th
e remainder, inclosed by ornamental stone piers
ean Fell. The hall is a magnificent apartment 115 feet
inlength by 40 wide, and 50 feet in height, and is a and an iron railing, is planted with trees. The new
b
u
i
r
d
i
n
g
s, situated on the south side of the college pre­
if
hidings completed bv Wolsey; the lofty
and highly enriched timber roof of Irish oak, profusely cincts, facing Christ Church Meadow, are in the Venetian
decorated with the armorial bearings of Henry VIII. and Gothic style, and were commenced in 1862, and com­
leted in 1866, at a cost of £ 20,000, from designs bv
niriS J
,
d I5.29’and was repaired in 1720;•at the pi
r Thomas N. Deane kt. architect, of Dublin, and oc­
fillpd w2r’r11t?Je.r*^kt ofthe dais, is a fine oriel window, S
cupy
entire length of 350 feet, comprising the site of
Ven n ,hBra’d!C Sla3s ia 1867, at the cost of the late the chan
aplains’ quadrangle south of the cathedral, Dean
I8d0 ,r • el Carr 01erl<6 D D - Archdeacon of Oxford
Fell’s buildings and a part of the adjoining garden; they
VII thinmp^0n0tlr 0f His late MaRsty King Edward are of three storeys, with dormers in the roof, and
to the e ™ "f.Walesd \nd tbe Kng of Denmark, rovide 50 additional sets of rooms and a dwelling for
thishouse a 2 Pnr^e> bofch once undergraduates of p
the porter; the central tower, oo feet high, is situated
forms an ant •c°1Ie!-tl0n of portraits, 71 in number, 70
teastward ofthe former entrance from the meadow,
dudes n.,,P,X
f decoration to the hall, and in- andfee
is four storeys in height, with a bold parapet, above
Holbein On»
Ho,bein 1 Cardinal Wolsey, by which
rises a gable, ornamented with corbie steps; the
br Knelier. T
na
hy Z,lccber°; Dean Aldrich,
portion forms a porch, with deeply recessed arch­
!i‘y. bv
tv J- ’ Chancellor of the Univer- tower
ways;
of the chaplaina’ quadrangle, and
Lawrencc Aral,h i? 4
FTon George Canning, by paratewestward
d from it by the approaches to the kitchen, is a
Ribiiison’nf A
1iP Markbam of "York, Archbishop se
large court, with a chemical laboratory, renovated
L”rd Mend'n
anTd,Dl'- NicMs’ by Beynolds; throughout in 1892, when also the parapets of the kitchen
°f the Excheauer i n d
Sk5'nner kt. chief baron
W- E. Gladstone by G ain sb orou gh ; the late R t. Hon. and scullery blocks were taken down and rebuilt; it is
Watts In th . 7 bl!llai.s- and ‘ he late Dean L iddell, bounded southwards by the road leading into the college
precincts from St. Aldate’s, on the opposite side of which
ot ‘ he ¿tall we!»
T of l 8V6 - 8 tb e battlem ents
ad(led: at the fnnt ,rBI?ewed and crocketed pinnacles are the buildings of the Cathedral School, which now has
a new residential choir house in Brewer street. In 1904
H
¡« the entrance to tb»
to th e a storey was added to the lahoratorv and the basement
p
art of the oniw
kitchen-, saad tol6adin
have f;been
the
for the teaching of assaying.
original appearanoo «^ ^^P^ted, and still retaining its arranged
One of the canons’ houses, near the deanery, bears a
“ * alarge gri“
d(r60!S " ec ad b7 W°lsey in 1528 ; itIon- Large sundial, which, like that of All Souls, shows the
J» four wheels Tho
y 4 Iln'and suPP°rted minutes.
sportraits 0f
C° ^ 0n.T00m under the hal1
Christ Church Meadow, belonging to this college, and
" 0fHenry vm. Archbishop Markham, Dean
lying to the south-east of it, is bounded on the east by
OXON.

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