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272

W lN D iO R .

BERKSHIRE.

to have first acquired im portance by th e b u ild in g of
th e castle, in which W illiam the N orm an is said to have
lived . In 1276 it was m ade a free borough, then
receivin g a ch arter from E dw ard I. renew ed "by later
sovereigns, till C harles II. g ran ted a new ch arter, which
rem ained in force u n til th e passing of the “ M unicipal
C orporations A c t ” in 1835. From the yea r 1302 (though
not u n in terru p ted ly till 1244) the borough sent two
m em bers to Parliam en t, un til the passing of the
R epresentation of the People A ct, 1867,” by which it
return s only one. By the “ Boundary A ct, 1868,” por­
tions of Clew er and Eton are included in th e p arlia­
m en tary lim its.
T h e Corporation consists of a m ayor, six alderm en
and eighteen councillors, w ith a h ig h stew ard, recorder,
treasu rer and town clerk . Th ere is a separate com m is­
sion of the peace and cou rt of q u arter sessions. The
town was divided in A p ril, 1886, into th e Castle, Park
and C lew er w ards, and is well b uilt and p a v e d ; lighted
w ith gas by a com pany form ed in 1826, and also since
1898 by electricity, from w orks in Peascod street, the
p rop erty of a co m p a n y ; th e w a ter sup ply is obtained
from works at E ton, the p rop erty of the W indsor C or­
poration. W indsor, containing as it does the residence
of the Sovereign, is known as the “ Royal Borough,-’
and for the supply of the m an y w ealth y residents and
visitors the town has establishm ents and shops of a
h igher class than are u su a lly m et w ith in a place of its
size.
T h e London and South W estern R ailw ay Company
has a branch line from W andsw orth th rou gh Richm ond
and Staines w hich crosses the riv er below W indsor, and
has its term in u s in the D atch et road, im m ediately
ad join in g the northern boundary of th e castle, in to the
grounds of which a p rivate entrance has been m ade
for the convenience of H is M ajesty. Th e G reat W estern
railw ay has a branch from Slough, crossing the river
a little above the town by a bow bridge of peculiar
construction and term in a tin g in G eorge street on the
w est side of the c a s tle ; th e term in al station was about
1900 grea tly enlarged and im proved and new royal
w a itin g rooms b u il t : in M arch, 1882, a m iscrean t
nam ed M aclean fired at th e la te Queen V icto ria as
she was leaving the station, b u t h appily w ithout effect.
M otor ’buses now run from th e G reat W estern R a il­
w ay station to W inkfield and A scot, as well as to Eton
and Slough, in connection w ith the p rin cipal train s to
and from London.
The parish church of S t. John the B ap tist, in the
H igh street, was reb uilt in 1822 at an expense of
¿14.040 H^s. 3d. of w h ich ¿1,00 5 was subscribed by
th e K in g and Royal F am ily, and is an edifice of free­
stone in a nondescript style of m odern G oth ic, 90 feet
in length by 60 feet w ide, w ith la ter additions at the
east end in m uch b etter style, and consists of apsidal
chancel, nave of six bays, aisles and a w estern em ­
b attled tow er w ith pinnacles containing 8 bells, two
of which w ere presented by Sam uel, 1st Baron M asham,
cofferer to Queen Anne, in 1707; th e rest are said to
be E lizabethan : within, the ch urch has a gen erally fine
appearance, although , from b ein g surrounded by g a l­
leries on three sides, th e effect is som ewhat h e a v y :
the chancel is decorated w ith m osaics by Salviati, repre­
senting angels and objects sym bolical of the C ru cifix io n :
the windows of the apse are stained, th at in the centre
b ein g a m em orial to the la te Mrs. E llis o n : on the
south side is a kind of chapel, form in g a royal pew
attached to F rogm ore H o u se; it has a separate entrance
from the churchyard, and is chiefly rem arkable for its
fine carved screen of oak, the w ork of G rin lin g Gibbons,
form erly in S t. G eorge’s c h a p e l: th e chairs form erly
in the Frogm ore pew, b ut now at th e end of the stalls,
w ere presented to th e church by H .R .H . the late
Princess A u g u s t a : on the w all of the north-w est v esti­
bule are two ancient b la ck -letter inscriptions, alm ost
ille£rible, one of which, dated 1509, com m em orates
W illiam Canon, m ayor of W indsor, and E lizabeth his
w ife : here is also the m onum ent of S ir Thom as Reeve,
Lord C hief Justice of the Common Pleas, who resided
at W indsor and died in 1736; it consists of a sarco­
phagu s and pyram id of veined m arble, w ith b u st of
him self and his w ife, by Scheem aker, and was erected
at the cost of Dr. M e a d ; in th e north aisle is a quaint
undated m onum ent of the 16th century, inscribed to
E dw ard Jobson, E lyn or, his w ife, and th e ir fam ily,
w ith kneeling effigies of all, and above, a shield of
arm s : there are also other m em orials to Sir Thom as
R eeve of H olyport, ob. 17 77; Topham Foot esq. ob.
1712, w ith a bust by S ch eem ak er; John, son of Sir
W illiam D ugdale, ob. 1570; W illiam Heberden M.D. d.
17th of M ay, 1801, and to th e fam ilies of B raham ,
S tarkey, H ale, Topham and L it t o n : in the w est gallery
is a la rge picture of the L a st Supper, discovered in

[ k e l l y ’s

1707 behind the wainscot of one of the chantries in
St. G eorge's chapel and used as the altar-piece there
till 1788, when it was presented by G eorge III. to the
parish ch urch , togeth er w ith the o r g a n : the windows
of the apse and tw o others are stained : an oak screen,
from designs by the late S ir A rth u r Blom field A .R .A .
was erected in 1898, at a cost of ¿300, to com m em orate
the Diam ond Jubilee of H er late M ajesty Queen V icto ria,
and in 1906 extensive alterations w ere m ade at a cost
of about ¿2,30 0 : a large organ was also erected at a
cost of ¿ 1 ,4 5 0 ; a new system of w arm in g and ven tila­
tion introduced, a choir vestry b uilt and m uch of the
g alle ry reseated : there are 1,200 sittin gs, of which about
500 are free. T h e reg ister dates from the year 1559.
Th e livin g is a vicarage, n et yea rly value ¿590, w ith
residence and in clu d in g tw o-thirds of the proceeds of
one of the suspended canonries of St. G eorge (the
rem aining third being given to the rectory of Holv
T rin ity ), in the g ift of the Lord Chancellor,’ and held
since 1913 by the Rev. E rn est M orell B lackie B .A . of
London U niversity, hon. chaplain to the K in g.
A ll S ain ts’ church, in F ran ces road, is a structure of
b rick in th e E a rly E n glish style, consisting of chancel,
nave of six bays, south aisle and a central tow er con­
tain in g one b e ll: the first stone was laid on the 21st
N ovem ber, 1864, by the late E m press F red erick of
G erm an y: there are about 400 sittin gs, 150 being free.
H oly T rin ity is an ecclesiastical parish form ed in 1842
out of the parish of Clewer. T he church of the Holy
T rin ity, in T rin ity place, the foundation stone of which
was laid by the late Prince Consort, on the 4th A p ril,
1842, is a cruciform buildin g of brick, in the E a rly
E nglish style, consisting of apsidal chancel, nave of
seven bays, aisles, transepts and a w estern tow er with
pinnacles and spire, containing one b e ll: galleries su r­
round the in terior on three sides, on the face of which
are inscribed the nam es of the officers and m en of the
G uards who fell durin g the Crim ean war,. 1,800 in a l l :
in 1881 handsom e carved oak choir stalls w ere erected
at th e cost of the late Sir W atkin W illiam s W ynn bart.
to the m em ory of his nephew, who was drowned at
W indsor w e ir: in 1882 a stained window was inserted
in the chancel b y public subscription to com m em orate
the deliverance of Her la te M ajesty Queen V icto ria from
assassination at W in d so r; com m union rails of carved
oak w ere erected at th e sam e t im e : th e church also
contains m onum ents to Gen. S ir Thom as Myddelton
B iddulph K .C .B . keeper of the Queen’s p riv y purse,
1867-78; H enry, 4th Baron Rossmore, lieut. 1st L ife
G uards, d. 28th M arch, 1874; S ir A lgernon Peyton
bart. capt. 1st L ife G uards, d. 25th M arch, 1872; to
Thom as, 4th E arl of R anfurly, capt. G renadier G uards,
died in A byssinia, 10th M ay, 1875, and to the late Col.
the Hon. O liver M ontague, d. 24th Jan. 1893; the
stained east window was given by the G ren ad ier
G u a r d s ; others in the south and w est by the C old­
stream G u a r d s ; the north transept window w as erected
by the Rev. A. Robins M .A. rector 1873-99, to the
m em ory of the late Duke of C laren ce and Avondale
K .G . d. 14 Jan. 1892, and was unveiled by His late
M ajesty K in g E dw ard V II. then Prince of W ales, 12th
A ugust, 1892; the p u lp it was presented by the Scots
G uards and th e fon t by th e non-com missioned officers
and p rivates of th e 2nd B attalion G ren adier G u a r d ? ;
th e reredos w as painted by Mrs. Robins, w ife of the
Rev. A . R ob ins: a chapel adjoining the chancel has
been b u ilt by th e officers of th e 1st L ife G uards, in
com m em oration of their com rades who fell in the
E g yp tian cam paign, 1883: a b ap tistery was opened in
1900, as a m em orial to the Rev. A rth u r Robins M .A.
(rector 1873-1900); and three m em orial brasses were
placed in 1901-02 by the regim en ts of Household cavalry,
to the officers and m en who fell in South A fr ic a : the
church w ill seat 1,400 persons, 800 sittin gs being free.
The reg ister dates from the year 1844. The livin g was
declared a rectory, A pril 3rd, 1866, n et yea rly value
¿400, w ith residence, in the g ift of the Lord Chancellor,
and held since 1900 by the Rev. H enry Tower M .A . of
H ertford College, Oxford, M .V .O . and actin g chaplain
to the Household B rigade.
S t. Saviou r's, in R iver street, erected in 1875, at a
cost of ¿1,400 , as a chapel of ease to H oly T rin ity, is
an edifice of brick and stone in the E arly E nglish style,
from designs by M r. Stephen M. W yborn, arch itect, of
W indsor, consisting of chancel, nave of th ree bays,
north aisle, eastern porch, and a tu rret at the east end
containing one b e ll: the foundation stone was laid Nov.
25th, 1875, by H .R .H . Princess C h ristia n : th ere are 150
sittings.
Clew er St. Stephen is an ecclesiastical p arish, formed
Oct. 18th, 1872, from the parish of Clewer. The church,
in V a n sitta rt road, was erected in 1873-4, at a cost of
¿6 ,32 7, and consecrated in 1874 and is an edifice of