Kellys_Berks_Bucks&Oxon_1915_0969.jpg

OXFORDSHIRE.

d ir e c t o r y .]

Hen. V III. and b e c a m e a h o stel fo r p o o r sch o la rs,
hnt in 1546 w as leasecl an(i tb e b u ild in g s p u lle d dow n.
The C ru tch ed F r ia r s had a h o u se in G ra n d p o n t in or
h fore the reign of E d w . II. and a b o u t 1349 rem o v ed to
site given them b y R ic h a r d C a r y esq. m a y o r , in th e
aari8h of S t. P e te r in th e E a s t, b u t h a v in g beco m e
■
' volved in le g a l p ro c e e d in g s w ith M erto n C o lle g e , th e ir
•lvhts were su spen d ed in 1352 b y th e B ish o p of L in co ln ,
'rid the erection of t h e ir b u ild in g s d isco n tin u ed .
31 The m inor r e lig io u s h o u se s c o m p rise d th e h o sp ita ls of
gt Bartholom ew and S t. Jo h n B a p tis t, so m e u n endow ed
hospitals and alm sh o u se s , h e r m ita g e s , a n c h o rh o ld s and
religious g u ild s. S t . B a r th o lo m e w ’s, th e ch a p e l of w h ic h
stands east of the c ity , on t h e C o w le y ro a d , a b o u t a
Quarter of a m ile d is ta n t fro m old S t. C le m e n t’ s c h u r c h ­
yard, and h alf a m ile fro m M a g d a le n b r id g e , w as
originally a h o sp ita l fo r le p e rs , fo u n d e d b y H e n ry I.
who endowed it w ith ¿ 2 3 y e a r l y : in 1328 A d a m de
Brome, founder of O rie l C o lle g e , o b ta in e d a g r a n t of th e
hospital fro m E d w a rd I I I . fo r h is s o c ie ty , p ro m is in g
to maintain 8 le p e rs a n d a c h a p la in : d u r in g th e p la g u e
of 1643 the h o sp ita l w as u se d a s a p e s t-h o u se , and ,
being destroyed in th e sie g e , w a s r e b u ilt b y th e C o lle g e
in 1649; in 1833 th e b u ild in g s w e re r e fitte d an d ad ap ted
to the purposes o f a c h o le ra h o s p i t a l : th e c h a p e l is a
simple p a ra lle lo g ra m of tw o b a y s , in th e T ra n s itio n
stvle from D eco rate d to P e r p e n d ic u la r ; it h a s go o d
traceried w ind ow s, and co n ta in s a ro o d -sc re e n , d a te d
1651: in 1908 th e ch a p e l w as m a d e o v er b y th e C h a r it y
Commissioners, fo r r e s to r a tio n , to th e v ic a r of C o w le y
St. John : eig h t p e n sio n e rs , “ th e a lm s m e n of S t. B a r t y ,”
are now electe d b y th e C i t y C o u n c il, b e tw e e n w h o m ,
and Oriel C o lle g e a n d t h e C h a r it y C o m m issio n e rs,
arrangements h a ve been m a d e w h e re b y th e a lm sm e n
are now placed on a b e t te r fo o tin g . S t. J o h n ’s h o sp ita l
occupied th e site of t h a t p a rt of M a g d a le n C o lle g e now
overlooking 011 th e e a s t a b a c k w a te r of th e C h e rw e ll,
and wa9 fou nded p re v io u s to th e re ig n of H en. I I I . ; it
was surrendered to H en. V I. 5 J u ly , 1457, an d b ec a m e
the property of B ish o p W a y n fle te by le t t e r s p a ten t 27
Oct. in the sam e ye ar.
The ancient an d fa m o u s w e lls , A r is to t le ’ s o r B ru rnann’s, on the H e yfield ro ad , W a lto n w e ll, P la t o ’s or th e
Cornish w ell a t th e e a s t end of H y th e B r id g e s tr e e t , and
the Holy w ells in S t . C ro ss p a rish , a re no w co v ere d
over, though th e ir s ite s a re k now n ; th a t in th e C a stle
mound still ex ists.
By means of th e r iv e r I s is an d th e O x fo rd ca n al,
which has a c o m m u n ic a tio n w it h th e w h o le of th e w a te r ­
ways of the k in g d o m , an d b y r a ilw a y co m m u n ic a tio n , a
considerable inland tra d e is c a r r ie d on, ch ie fly in corn
and coals, fo r w h ic h co n v e n ie n t w h a rv e s and q u a y s are
provided. B ra w n is h e re m a d e in la r g e q u a n titie s , b o th
for im m ediate co n su m p tio n an d fo r th e L o n d o n m a r k e t ;
and the city is also fa m o u s fo r th e m a n u fa c t u r e of a
peculiar kind of sm a ll s a u sa g e , h ig h ly e s te e m e d in th e
locality.
Headington H ill H a ll an d p a rk , th e se a t of M rs.
Morrell, are now w ith in th e ex te n d e d b o u n d a rie s of the
city; the m an sion is a s t r u c tu r e of sto n e, w ith g ro u n d s
and a considerable e x te n t of p a rk , on th e w e ste rn slope
of the hill.
Population of O x fo rd C o u n ty B o r o u g h in 1911 (as e x ­
tended) :— C o w le y S t. J o h n , 16 ,4 5 0 ; S t. A ld a te ’s, 5 ,6 3 3 ;
t>t. Clem ent’s, 4,16 3 ( in c lu d in g 17 o fficers an d 238
inmates in th e po o r la w in s tit u t io n , and 96 in m a te s and
50 officials and th e ir fa m ilie s in W a rn e fo rd A s y l u m ) ;
bt. Cross, or H o lyw ell, 6 70 ; S t . E b b e , 4 ,8 0 5 ; S t. G ile s ,
J
(in clu d in g 143 p a tie n ts an d 69 o ffic ia ls an d t h e ir
tamihes in B a d c liffe In fir m a r y ) ; S t . Jo h n th e B a p tis t,
> St. M artin an d A ll S a in ts , 321 ; S t . M a r y M a g d a le n ,
I f 12.’ St" M ai'_y th e V ir g in , 1 5 2 ; S t. M ic h a e l, 39 9;
<«e^er
®a ^ eJr>
^ > S t . T h o m a s , 8,901 ( in c lu d in g
2 officers ancl 8 p ris o n e rs in H is M a je s ty ’ s p r is o n ) ;
tr ], e‘ie_
r ’ in -th e -E a st, 3 0 9 ; U n iv e r s it y C o lle g e s and
-fi S+ ,Wl
1
O x fo rd In c o rp o ra tio n , 276 ; B in se y .
wUa
° unfcy b o ro u &h > 53.0 4 8; th is is d iv id e d in to
\ n r n ’ VV/" ^ a s t’ p o p u la tio n , 16 ,4 5 0 ; W e st, 1 1 ,1 8 1 ;
Mart’ *
> and S o u th , 14,488. T h e p a ris h e s of S t.
.lr) a,1(* all S a in ts w e re a m a lg a m a t e d u n d e r th e
lsions of the “ O x fo rd C o rp o ra tio n A c t , 1890.”
wac ° R°Pu^a ^ 0n ° f th e e c c le s ia s tic a l p a rish e s in 1911

3'243
73

7

54

*355

d r e w 'T / i y
; S t ’ A ld a te ’
i S t. A n <,
• M . b t. B a rn a b a s, 2 ,4 0 7 ; S t . C le m e n t, 3,30 9;
aT T n °S
Holywe11’ 6 70 ; S t . E b b e , 2 ,1 3 0 ; S t , G ile s ,
St Vo .
M ar? a re t, 1 ,7 4 8 ; S t . M a ry M a g d a le n , 1 ,2 1 2 ;
i- . - <3+
S a in ts ,
3 2 1 ; S t . M a ry th e V ir g in ,
the-Fa ' -y o h a e l, 39 9; S t. P a u l, 2 ,3 2 0 ; S t. P e te r-in Bailev8
Jo*10 th e B a p tis t, 3 8 2 ; S t. P e t e r le
Thom ’ ■+! ’ x
P h ilip an d S t . J a m e s. 3,201 ; S t.

4

2>7I3;

C w ,e K s t - John-

OXFORD.

173

T h e m u n ic ip a l ra te a b le v a lu e of th e c i t y in 1914 w as
¿ 4 4 9 ,2 1 6 .
T h e a r e a of th e p a rish e s a re :— S t . A ld a te ’ s, 495 of lan d
and 48 of w a t e r ; S t. C le m e n t, 530 ; S t. G ile s , 1,36 7 of lan d
an d 63 o f w a t e r ; S t. J o h n th e B a p tis t, 9 ; S t, M a rtin and
A ll S a in ts , 1 2 ; S t . M a ry M ag d a le n , 4 2 ; S t. M a ry the
V ir g in . 1 2 ; S t. M ic h a e l, 1 5 ; S t . P e t e r in th e E a s t, 82
lan d an d 4 w a t e r ; S t. P e t e r le B a ile y , n ; S t. T h o m a s ,
671 la n d a n d 41 of w a t e r ; H o ly w e ll, 238 la n d an d 11
w a te r.
R a te a b le V a lu e s w ith in th e O x fo rd In c o r p o r a tio n .—
U n iv e r s ity C o lle g e s an d H a lls , ¿ 6 2 ,5 3 2 ; S t . M a rtin and
A ll S a in ts , ¿ 2 6 ,3 7 6 ; S t . P e te r - in - t h e - E a s t, ¿ 6 ,7 9 9 ; S t .
M ary th e V ir g in , ¿ *
? S t. T h o m a s , ¿ 4 5 ,0 3 4 ; S t.
E b b e ’s, ¿ 1 7 ,4 8 2 ; S t . M a r y M a g d a le n , ¿ 2 1 ,4 6 0 ; S t.
M ich a e l, ¿ 1 4 ,5 8 3 ; S t . P e t e r le B a ile y , ¿ 1 0 ,0 5 9 ; H o lyw ell, ¿ 9 ,7 3 6 ; S t. A ld a te ’s, ¿ 2 9 ,2 7 1 . W ith in H e a d in g ­
ton U n io n :— S t . C le m e n t, O x fo rd , ¿ 1 9 , 3 1 2 ; S t . G ile s ,
O x fo rd . ¿ 1 2 1 ,7 1 8 ; S t . Jo h n th e B a p tis t, ¿ 5 ,1 8 7 .
T h e a re a of th e p a rlia m e n t a r y b o ro u g h is 4,719
a c r e s ; th e p o p u la tio n in 19 11 w as 52,979. T h e n u m b e r
of e le c to rs on th e p a rlia m e n t a r y r e g is te r in 1915 w as
9, 6 4 1 .

4 739

S U M M E R T O W N , a n o rth e rn su b u rb of O x fo rd e x te n d in g
alo n g th e ro a d to B a n b u ry , and in c lu d e d u n d e r th e C ity
of O x fo rd O rd e r, 1889, w ith in th e e x te n d e d b o u n d a ry of
th e c ity , is an e c c le s ia s tic a l p a ris h fo rm e d 15 J u ly . 1834.
o u t of th e p a rish of S t . G ile s. T h e c h u rc h o f S t. John
th e B a p tis t, fo r m e r ly th e p a rish c h u r c h , a c r u c ifo r m
s t r u c tu r e of sto n e, in th e E a r ly E n g lis h s t y le , s itu a te d
abou t
m ile s fro m S t. G ile s ’ c h u r c h , w as e re c te d
in 1833, a t a c o s t of ¿ 1 ,6 0 0 , fro m d e sig n s b y M r. H . J.
U n d erw o o d , a r c h it e c t, a n d c o n s ists of ch a n c e l, n a v e,
tra n s e p ts , n o rth a is le an d an o cta g o n a l t u r r e t on th e
w estern g a b le c o n ta in in g one b e l l : i t w a s e n la r g e d in
1875 a t a co st of a b o u t ¿ 2 ,0 0 0 : a n e w o rg an w as b u ilt
for th e c h u rc h in 1886, a n d a n e w p u lp it and ch a n ce l
s c re e n w ere e re c te d in 1897, botl:i o f w h ic h h a v e been
tra n sfe rre d to S t. M ich ael a n d A ll A n g e ls , S u m m e r to w n ,
th e new p a ris h c h u r c h : t h e r e a re a b o u t 450 s itt in g s ,
a ll of w h ic h a re fre e . T h e r e g is te r d a te s fro m th e y e a r
1835. O w in g to th e la r g e in c re a s e in th e p o p u la tio n
of S u m m e r to w n , th e c h u r c h h a d b e c o m e q u ite in ­
a d e q u a te fo r th e p a ris h , an d it n o t b e in g c a p a b le of
e n la rg e m e n t a n e w c h u r c h , n o w t h e p a ris h c h u rc h , S t.
M ich ael an d A ll A n g e ls , S u m m e rto w n , w as b u ilt in 1909
a t a c o s t of a b o u t ¿ 9 ,0 0 0 : th e c h u r c h a t p r e s e n t co n ­
sists of s a n c tu a ry , c h a n c e l a n d p a r t o f th e n a v e : th e re
are 600 s ittin g s . T h e liv in g is a v ic a r a g e , g ro ss y e a r ly
v a lu e ¿ 1 9 1 , w ith re s id e n c e , in th e g i f t of S t . J o h n ’ s
C o lle g e , O x fo rd , an d h e ld s in c e 19 15 b y t h e R e v . R o b e rt
M ilto n H a y M .A . of t h a t co lle g e . T h e B a p tis t ch a p e l,
in W o o d sto ck ro ad , e re c te d in 1909, w ill s e a t 300 p e r ­
sons. T h e C o n g r e g a tio n a l c h a p e l, e re cte d in 19 10 -11 at
a co st o f ¿ 3 ,0 0 0 , h a s 350 sittings.
C O W L E Y S T . J O H N , an im p o r t a n t su b u rb a n d is tr ic t ,
ly in g to th e e a s t of th e c i t y , w as fo rm e d in t o an
e c c le s ia s tic a l p a rish 4 A u g . 1868, o u t of th e c iv il
p a rish e s o f C o w le y an d S t . C le m e n t ’s, O x fo rd , and is
now , b y th e C i t y of O x fo rd O r d e r , 1889, w ith in th e
ex te n d e d b o u n d a ry c f th e c i t y , a n d e c c le s ia s t ic a lly in
the r u ra l d e a n e ry of C u d d esd o n .
B y L o c a l G o v e r n m e n t B o a rd O rd e r N o . 31,868, C o w le y
and 1/Hey w ere, in 1894, fo rm e d in to a c iv il p a ris h ,
know n as C o w le y S t . J o h n ,a n d is in H e a d in g to n U nion.
T h e c h u rc h o f S S . M a r y and J o h n , on th e C o w le y ro ad ,
and e re c te d in 1882-3 a t a c o s t o f ¿ 7 ,0 0 0 , is a b u ild in g
of sto n e, in th e G o th ic s ty le , fro m d e s ig n s b y M r. A lfr e d
M ard on M o w b ra y F .R .I .B .A . a r c h it e c t, o f O x fo rd , and
co n sists of ch a n ce l, c le r e s to r ie d n a v e of fiv e b a y s , t r a n ­
se p ts, a isles, v e s t r y , o rg a n c h a m b e r an d a to w e r , ad d ed
in 1892 a t a co st of ¿ 2 ,4 0 0 : t h e o rg a n , c o s tin g ¿ 7 0 0 , w as
g iv en b y G . H. M o rrell esq. in 18 8 6 : th e ch an ce l is a
m em o rial to th e la te A rch b ish o p L o n g l e y : th e c h u rc h
was co n secra te d on T u e s d a y , 5 N o v. 1883, and h a s 700
s ittin g s . A tta c h e d is a la r g e and b e a u tifu l ch u rc h y a rd .
T h e re g is te r d a te s fro m th e ye a r 1870. T h e liv in g is a
v ic a ra g e , y e a r ly v a lu e fro m th e E c c le s ia s t ic a l C o m rm s
sion ers ¿ 3 2 0 , w it h re s id e n c e , in th e g if t o f th e R ev.
R. L . P a g e M .A . an d o th e rs , an d h e ld sin c e 19 10 b y th e
R ev A lfr e d C e c il S c o t t M .A . of S t. J o h n ’ s C o lle g e ,
C a m b rid g e . T h e c h u r c h of S t . John th e E v a n g e lis t,
I/Hey ro ad , th e co n v e n tu a l c h u rc h of th e C o w le y
F a th e r s , e re c te d d u rin g th e p erio d 1894-6 in p la c e of
th e t e m p o r a r y iro n c h u r c h in S to c k m o r e s t r e e t , is a
b u ild in g of sto n e in th e G o t h ic s ty le of th e e a r ly 14th
c e n tu r y , fro m d e sig n s b y M r. G . F . B o d le y R .A . a r c h i­
te c t, of L o n d o n ; it c o n s is ts of c h a n c e l, w it h la t e r a l
c h a p e ls, d e d ic a te d r e s p e c t iv e ly to th e H o ly N a m e a.nd
th e H o ly S p ir it , n av e w it h c le r e s to r y , v e s t r ie s a n d a