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OXFORDSHIRE.

DIRECTORY.]

buried P h ilip E d w a r d P u s e y M .A . o n ly son o f th e la te
n r Pusey, d. 15 J a n . 1880 ; E d it h M a ry , t h ir d d a u g h t e r
, f the V ery R e v. D r. L id d e ll, la te d e an o f C h r is t C h u rc h ,
«ho died in J u n e , 1876, a n d th e d ean h im s e lf, w ho died
in Jan. 1898 : h e re also lie s M rs. P a g e t, w ife of th e la te
Dean; she d ied 22 N o v . 1900: th e c h a p te r-h o u se i t ­
self was re b u ilt d u r in g th e v e r y b e s t E a r ly E n g lis h
beriod, of w h ic h it affo rd s an e x c e lle n t e x a m p le , and
form s' a p a ra lle lo g ra m , d iv id e d in to fo u r b a y s, w ith
vaulting s p rin g in g fro m c lu s te r e d sh a fts s u p p o rte d on
brackets; th e e a s te rn p o rtio n is e n tir e ly fille d b y an
arcade of five a rc h e s , a ll of w h ic h are p ie rc e d fo r w in ­
dows, and th e fo lia g e o f it s c lu s te r e d ca p ita ls , as w e ll as
th a t’ in tro d u ced b e tw e e n th e a rc a d e a n d th e ro o f, is
most g r a c e f u l; th e c h a p te r -h o u s e co n ta in s a ch est
covered w ith r ic h fla m b o y a n t p a n e llin g , a n d a fin ely
carved E liz a b e th a n t a b le a n d w a in sc o t o f th e sa m e
period: in th e s o u th w a ll is fix e d th e fo u n d a tio n sto n e of
Woleey’s C o lle g e a t Ip sw ic h , r e s c u e d fro m d e stru c tio n
by the R ev. R ic h a rd C a n n in g , r e c to r o f H a r k s te a d and
Freston, S u ffo lk , w h o b e q u e a th e d i t to th e dean and
chapter in 178 9 ; th e in s c r ip tio n on it ( a t le n g th ) ru n s
tljUS: “ Anno C h r is ti 1528, e t r e g n i H e n ric i O c ta v i,
Regis Anglim 20, m e n sis v e ro J u n ii 15 , p o s itu m per
Johannem E p isco p u m L id e n s e m .” T h is b ish o p w a s John
Holt, titu la r B ish o p of L y d d a , an d p ro b a b ly a s u ffra g a n
of Lincoln. H e re is also a p o rtio n of t h e to m b of th e w ife
of W illiam L o n g e sp 6 e, E a r l of S a lis b u r y , b r o u g h t fro m
Oseney A b b ey , and p o r t ra it s of H e n r y V I I . an d h is queen
Elizabeth of Y o r k , H e n r y V I I I . Q u ee n s M a r y an d E liz a ­
beth, C ardinal W o ls e y a n d o th e r d ig n it a r ie s . T h e only
<mod ex te rio r v ie w of th e C a th e d r a l is to b e o b ta in e d
from the g ard en of t h e can o n ’ s h o u se a d jo in in g i t on th e
north, b u t th e ce n tra l to w e r and sp ire a re w e ll se en fro m
the cloister c o u r t : in th e C a th e d r a l m u s e u m is p re s e rv e d
a square stone w ith m u tila te d ca rv in g s o f th e 13 th cen ­
tury, till la te ly b u ilt in to t h e s o u th - e a s t b u tt r e s s of S t.
Lucy’s chapel, an d b e lie v e d to h a v e o r ig in a lly fo rm e d
the upper p o rtio n o f t h e b a se o f a c ro ss , e r e c te d in 1268
in or near th e c e m e t e r y of S t . F r id e s w id e , a n d w h ic h fell
to pieces in th e e a r ly p a r t of th e 1 7 t h c e n t u r y ; t h r e e of
the su bjects il lu s t r a t e “ th e F a l l ,” t h e “ S a c r ific e of
Isaac,” and th e “ G iv in g of t h e M o sa ic L a w .” T h o bells,
12 in num ber, w ere rem o v ed in 1870 in co n seq u en ce of
the u n safe; co n d itio n o f t h e b e lfr y , an d r e h u n g in th e
vampanile c o n s tru c te d o v e r t h e h a ll s ta ir c a s e in 1876-8,
from th e d e sig n s o f M e ssrs . B o d le y an d G a r n e r : th e
fame of th eir m e lo d y , p re s e r v e d in t h e w e ll-k n o w n ca tc h
by Dean A ld ric h “ H a rk ! th e b o n n y C h r is t C h u r c h b e lls ,”
was w idely sp re ad b e fo re t h e ir r e m o v a l h e re , a n d t h e ir
names w ere th u s re c o rd e d in a ru d e h e x a m e t e r : “ H a u tclere, Douce, C lem e n t, A u stin , M a rie , G a b rie l, e t John : ••
of the e x istin g pen l, th e la s t five a re sa id to h a v e been
brought fro m O sen ey A b b e y ; of th e s e t h e 10 th , w h ic h
is the ea rliest, d a te s fro m 1589, th e r e s t are d a te d 16 1140, and th ree h a v e in s c r ip t io n s in o ld E n g lis h le tt e r s ,
two, the 8th and 7th , b e in g a p p a r e n tly th o s e re fe r r e d to
in the line a b o v e as “ M a r i e ” an d “ J o h n ; ’’ t h e first
five date fro m 1640 to 1 7 4 7 ; tw o ad d itio n a l b e lls w ere
presented in 1897 b y th e D io cesan G u ild of C h u rch
Bellringers. T h e c h u rc h h a s bee n s e v e ra l tim e s r e p a ire d
or refitted since its m u tila t io n b y W o lse y , e s p e c ia lly in
1856 by M r. J. B illin g , h u t m o re p a r t ic u la r ly d u r in g
the years 1872-6, w h e n it w a s c o m p le te ly re s to re d and
extended w estward,- u n d e r th e d ir e c tio n of th e la te S ir
Gilbert S cott R .A . a t a co st of ^24,000.
The C a th e d ral r e g is te r of b a p tis m s d a te s fro m 1653 >
marriages, 16 42 ; b u ria ls , 1639.
T H E P A R IS H E S
Oxford,

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7 i i o ' '■a11 of w h ic h h a v e c h u rc h e s.
Ail Saints’ ch u rc h , fo r m e r ly k n o w n as “ A ll H a llo w s,”
t in * 6 H igh s t r e e t ; th e old c h u rc h w a s o n e o f th re e
cnurcbes given and co n firm ed b y K in g H e n ry I. to the
vif>T>nS ■
F rid e sw id e A .D . 112 2 , and w a s c r e a te d a
r ,9_rap
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th e a n c ie n t ch u rc h fe ll th ro u g h
buildi 1 . 6 +i? ^ e. c d ^ c e , d e s tro y in g n e a rly th e w h o le
from ^ ’ •
e x is tin g ch u rc h w a s e re cte d in 1706-8,
dean J T S ^
H r. H e n ry A ld r ic h , th e a c co m p lish ed
Draieori Christy C h u rch , and h a s bee n o ften an d ju s tly
strnntt
c ritic s in a r c h it e c t u r e ; i t is a r e c ta n g u la r
and
C o rin th ia n o rd e r, 72 fe e t lo ng, 42 w id e
bold 1 7
and th e e n ta b la tu re , w h ic h is r e m a rk a b ly
carripii"I su rm o un ted b y an a t tic an d b a lu stra d e , is
bv ennni °m Pl0tel y ro u n d th e b u ild in g and is su p p o rte d
are nof flnfC°JUmnSi’ a m ° d 0 p u r e ly Ita lia n ; th e co lu m n s
uted, and th e irie z e is p e r fe c tly p l a in ; all it s

9

O XFORD.

159

g ra n d e u r of ap p eara n ce is th e re fo re d e riv e d fro m the
b re a d th an d ju s tn e s s of its p ro p o r t io n s : a t th e w e s t end
a v e r y fine ru s tic a t e d to w e r w ith b a lu s tr a d in g s u p p o rts
a b e a u tifu l p e r is ty le o f C o rin th ia n co lu m n s r is in g fro m
w ith in it , su rm o u n te d b y a se co n d b a lu s tr a d e a n d te r ­
m in a tin g in a sh o rt b u t g r a c e fu l sp ire, 153 f e e t in
h e i g h t : th e to w e r co n tain s a l ig h t h u t m u s ic a l p ea l
of 6 b e lls, o r ig in a lly c a s t in 1622, b u t o f w h ic h th e
ten o r had lo n g been b r o k e n ; th e peal w as r e - c a s t a
fe w y e a r s a g o : th e ro o f o f th is ch u rc h is r e m a rk a b le
for th e e x te n t of it s span, u n su p p o rte d b y a sin g le p illa r,
and is p r o fu s e ly ad o rn ed w ith sc ro ll-w o rk , su rro u n d in g
an d in c lo s in g th e em b la z o n ed a r m s of n u m e ro u s b e n e ­
fa cto rs : th e sta lls in th e ch a n ce l a re in c lo sed b y a
screen o f c a rv e d o a k : th e p u lp it, t o g e th e r w ith its
s o u n d in g b o ard an d t h e f itt in g s a t th e e a st en d , are
v e r y fine sp e cim e n s o f w o o d w o r k : a t th e w e s t e n d of
¡lie c h u r c h is a la r g e m o n u m e n t in m a r b le to D o cto r
E d w a rd T a t h a m , re c to r of L in c o ln C o lle g e fro m 1792, d.
24 A p r il, 1834, e re c te d in 1845, a t a c o s t of ^800 . and
in an a lc o v e fo rm e d in t h e th ic k n e s s of th e s o u th w a ll
is a fin e ly e x e c u t e d r e c u m b e n t fig u r e in a la b a s t e r 011
a r a is e d to m b , r e p re s e n tin g A ld e rm a n W illia m L e v in s or
L e v in z , five tim e s M a y o r of O x fo rd , w h o d ie d in 16 16 ,
a t t h e a g e of 10 0 : in t h e fo rm e r c h u r c h w e re m a n y
m o n u m en ts an d b ra s se s, in c lu d in g so m e o f th e F re re s,
one o f w h o m w a s e ig h t t im e s m a y o r ; ic w t . of th e se
b rasses w e re ta k e n a w a y d u r in g th e C o m m o n w e a lth ,
and so ld fo r £ 2 i s . : a m o n g e x is t in g ta b le ts and t o m b ­
stones to n o tab le citiz e n s a re th o se to S ir R o b e r t
H a rriso n ( tw ic e m a y o r ), S ir D an iel W e b b ( fo u r tim e s
m a y o r), S ir J o sep h L o c k (m a y o r, 18 14), S tep h e n R ic h a r d ­
son ( c h a m b e r la in 1796, a n d b a iliff 179 9), A ld e r m a n J a m e s
H u g h e s ( s ix tim e s m a y o r) a n d m a n y o th e r O x fo rd
c e le b r it i e s : th e in t e r io r of th e c h u r c h w a s re s to re d
a n d n e w w in d o w s, in k e e p in g w it h th e s t y le o f a r c h i­
t e c tu r e , in s e rte d in 18 66 : th e o r g a n w as r e b u ilt in 1879
an d e n la r g e d in 1896, a n d in 1888-9 th e to w e r a n d a
la rg e p o rtio n o f t h e e x te r io r of th e c h u rc h on t h e so u th
fro n t w e re re s to re d u n d e r t h e d ire c tio n of M r. H . W .
M oore, a rc h ite c t, o f O x fo rd , a n d th e re s to ra tio n o f th e
n o rth fro n t, in c lu d in g th e b a lu s tra d in g an d p o rch ,
w as ca rried o u t d u r in g 1906 b y t h e sa m e a r c h ite c t :
A ll S a in ts ’ b e in g no w th e c ity ch u rc h , th e m a y o r and
C o rp o ra tio n , w it h t h e ir o ffic ers, a tte n d d iv in e se rv ic e
here in s e m i-s ta te e v e ry S u n d a y m o rn in g , th e le c tu re r
fo r th e d a y a c c o m p a n y in g th e m a y o r in th e p ro ce ssio n
fro m th e tow n h a l l : in 1896 th e in t e r io r w as r e fitte d a n d
re a rra n g e d fo r th e u se o f th e C o rp o ra tio n a n d th e
p a rish io n e rs o f S t. M a rtin ’ s. C a r fa x , n o w ta k e n d o w n ,
u n d e r th e d ire c tio n o f M r. T . G . J a c k so n R .A . ; s t a lls
for th e C o rp o ratio n h a ve been se t u p a t th e e a s t end
a n d in c lu d e a ca n o p ie d seat fo r th e m a y o r , a lo n g s id e
w h ich is an ela b o ra te ly -d e s ig n e d r e s t o f w r o u g h t iro n fo r
th e
m ace:
th e re
are
abou t
300
s itt in c s .
of
w h ic h a la r g e p ro p o rtio n a re a s s ig n e d to p a ris h io n e r s .
T h e r e g is te r d a te s fro m th e y e a r 1549. T h e l iv in g is a
v ic a ra g e ( th o u g h m o re p ro p e rly ca lled , a c co rd in g to th e
s ta tu te s of L in co ln C o lle g e, a c h a p la in c y ), an n exed to th e
r e c to ry o f S t. M a r tin ’s, jo in t n e t y e a r ly v a lu e ^ 3 1 0 , in
th e g if t of L in co ln C o lle g e, and held sin ce 1895 by th e
R e v . A le x a n d e r J a m e s C a r ly le M .A ., D .L i t t . l e c t u r e r
an d la t e feU ow of U n iv e r s it y C o lle g e .
T h e y e a r ly
c h a r itie s o f t h is p a ris h in c lu d e £2. fo r t h e c le r g y an d
a b o u t £ 8 fo r d is tr ib u t io n in m o n e y a n d k in d . A n A c t
p a ssed in 1890 a u th o r iz e d th e u n io n of t h e p a r is h of
S t. M a rtin , C a r fa x , to t h is p a ris h , t h e re m o v a l of th e
c h u r c h of S t. M a r t in , e x c e p t th e to w e r, an d th e a d o p ­
tion o f th e c h u r c h of A ll S a in ts a s t h e p a rish c h u r c h
of th e u n ite d p a ris h e s , a n d t h is u n io n w as e ffe c t e d 15
A p r il, 1895.
S t. M a r t in ’ s, c o m m o n ly k n o w n as “ C a r fa x ,” fro m it s
s itu a tio n a t th e m e e t in g o f th e fo u r m a in s t r e e t s
( “ q u a d riv iu m ” o r “ q u a tr e v o ie s ” ) o f t h e c i t y , has been
p u lled do w n and o n ly th e to w e r no w rem a in s. T h is
ch u rc h w as t ra d itio n a lly fou n ded b y K in g E d w a rd th e
E ld e r, in 9 20 : in 1820-2 it w as r e b u ilt, w ith th e e x c e p ­
tio n of th e a n c ie n t to w e r, in th e P e r p e n d ic u la r s ty le ,
fro m d e sig n s b y M r. P lo w m a n , a rc h ite c t, of O x fo rd ; th e
fou n datio n sto n e b e in g la id 23 O c t. 1820, and th e b u ild in g
co n secra te d 14 J u n e , 18 22 : t h is c h u rc h , in p u rsu a n c e of
the A c t m en tio n e d ab o v e, w a s w h o lly rem o v ed in 1896,
w ith th e ex ce p tio n o f t h e to w er, w h ic h , u n d e r th e p ro ­
visio n s of th e A c t, is to be m a in ta in e d a n d p r e s e r v e d : it
co ntains 6 bells, d a tin g fro m 1676 to 1678 ; th e to w e r is
sa id to h a v e o rig in a lly been m u c h h ig h e r, b u t w as
low ered 14 E d w a rd H I . (13 4 0 -4 1), b y co m m a n d o f th e
K in g , in o rd e r t h a t th e tow n sm en m ig h t no lo n g er
an n oy th e sch o la rs w ith “ a rro w s and sto n es ” th ro w n
fro m it s s u m m it ; upon th e end o f t h e so u th aisle,
p rev io u s to th e re b u ild in g , ro se a sm a ll sq u a re ch a m b er,
co n ta in in g a c lo ck , w ith a d ial on its ea ste rn sid e, on