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1 7 _______________________ K E L I/v 'S G U ID E TO LONDON— CITY D IST R IC T .

THE TOWER OF LONDON
p lace o f a ll oth ers in the E .C .
m etro p o lis,

is from its h isto rica l a ssociation s th e one
d istrict w h ic h - m o s t interests v isito rs to the

i o r cen turies it w as the great fortress o f Lo n d on and fam ous state

prison o f E n g la n d , and it w as also at one tim e used as a roya l palace.

The

b u ild in g s, though irreg u lar in .character, are strik in g , w h eth er seen from the river
or as approached from the C ity .

T h e hapless sons o f E d w a rd I V . w ere m urdered

in the T o w e r b y the order o f R ich a rd I I I . , and H e n ry V I . is supposed a lso to have
been m urdered :n the R e co rd or W a k e fie ld T o w e r.

A n n e B o le y n , Cath erin e

H ow ard and L a d y Jan e G r e y w ere a ll executed a c tu a lly w ith in the w a lls o f the
T o w e r ; but it w as on T o w e r H i l l that so m an y o f the n ob lest h eads o f illu striou s
E n glish m en fe ll b eneath the axe o f the execu tion er.

O n the tw o upper floors o f

the W h ite T o w e r, the m ost a n cien t part o f the b u ild in g s, a m ost in terestin g c o lle c ­
tio n o f o ld 'a r m o u r is to be seen, and outside it, another o f .o ld cannon.

In the

R ecord or W a k e fie ld T o w e r, the R e g a lia or C ro w n J e w e ls, o f the valu e o f betw een
.¿2,000,000 and ¿3 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 , are k ep t.

T h e costum e o f th e w arders or “ b e e f­

eaters ” as th ey are p o p u larly sty le d , is sin g u la rly picturesque, a m i is supposed to
have been d esign ed b y H a n s H o lb e in fo r H e n ry V I I I .

THE TOWER BRIDGE, w h ich spans the T h a m es im m ed iately b elow the
T o w e r, w as erected in 1886-94 at a cost o f over ¿1,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 , and h as b etw een its
tw o tow ers a carriage w ay w h ich is 30 ft. a b o v e th e river and 200 ft.

long.

W h e n ships pass im der the b rid ge th is central span, w h ich is fitted w ith tw in
b ascules or d raw b rid ges, is raised in a cou ple o f m inutes, and foot passengers at
such tim es pass o ver a second b rid ge 110 ft. ab o ve, w h ich th ey reach b y m eans of
lifts and stairs in the tw in tow ers.

T h e b rid ge is b u ilt o f steel, as are also the

tow ers, th ough as the la tte r are cased in stone th ey d o not present a n y such
appearance.

THE ROYAL MINT, w h ich is on the E a s t side of T o w e r H ill, was
erected in 1 8 1 1 , an d very co n sid erab ly en larged in 1881-2. T h e w h o le o f the
c o in

of

the

¿7,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
M int.

realm/ is

m ade

here,

and the average

annual

v a lu e

is about

O rd ers to v ie w m ay be o btain ed from the D epu ty-M aster o f the

THE DOCKS,

w h ich fron t the riv e r to th e E ast o f the T o w e r, are/ so

e xte n siv e that v isito rs can rarely find tim e to v isit them .

T h e S t. K a th a rin e ’ s and

the L o n d o n D o c k s a lo n e cover an area o f som e 125 acres, and h av e a capital
o f ¿ 11,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .

THE CITY CHURCHES

are v e r y num erous, and several o f them were

b u ilt by S ir. C h risto p h er W ren .

S t.

M ary -le -B o w , or B ow

Church as it is

ge n e rally c a lle d , is con sid ered one o f his best w orks, and its steeple is m uch
adm ired .

T h o se born w ith in the sound o f B o w -b e lls are som ew hat contem ptu­

o u sly sty le d C o ckn eys, i.e ., true L o nd on ers.

S t. S e p u lch re ’ s (lik e m an y others

re ce n tly restored w ith great taste) stands opp osite to N e w g ate P rison , and its b ell