Reading Observer 09-1917

·Stig,~~

rea.dertthe abstra.ct of accounh
lIil & bewildering

I CorpomtJ8D

CO)llj!nt~ o~ which cun
and patn.ta~ihg

only be fully
.tudy ..At the

to
omers

Distrib
our'lte.,ular:

I

'dJIU'Otl

wilt con. ~~~~~~~:~~~:~dTaf~~ ' f",
~~~~,r.:~~~ 0/ tho t'1'" &low
•'
of t!>o chief f~. 01 t~e
m an admirable
Klve the ~

of I~ fage!!

va,1uable

lnfomll~.t)on.

ob ..l'Vo- thot, th, t.otal hi-

~~~~~~

I

1

December 30t~, I 1917, Sugar
be clistrilluted to the
10 accordance Iwith the Rules of the Food Controller.

I

"!;'ntid..",bly
exocl figyre "'f,.
find 'mom plea.sa.nt
tile·
donved

will

,

I

T4en cqmes a detailea statemen~
debt&dne&8 of the CorporatlOn, Wl~
charges thereon for mterest
the, Jl~~;~tlf~~
of the debt The total debt,
a
sums credIf.ed to the Joans and
able for redeQlption WM, a.t the
WIUI made up, £1,098,740
The
mtereat on the debt during the year

I

I

•

the Sugarl Card must be made on a forrb which
through thf Postal Authorities during September.

'Bond tqe a.mount pald for redemptlOp.
OUl"t.!r~

ehowmg " tota.l ch~ge in respect o( the

£75,=_

On p"i(e. 123 and 124 there is a .t.tement showlQg the mvestlllents o( tbe smkmg flmds, ' whIch a.t

I

full and detailed ' information to our customers
and tl\e following months, as to the steps
secure thei; 'official cards, b'uty it will help to make
success if ~ll our customers will register their

March 31st last stood at £295,125 Page 128 glVes

a comparatIve rl~emelJt of the populrLtlon, rateable value, lUcome and expenditure, ctc, (or tbe
seven years 1911 to 1917 lP.clusjve
I
The sa.laries 3lld a.llowanc~ to oflic jalk
the

Corpol'l'tlOn are .. t out in .detat!
132, From tpe ab~tract we take
The ular1CS pald to tho Town Clerk

this

ants dUJ?llg the veal' ended 14&rch

addresses at the local branch NOW·

,.......~...., amounted to £2,271, the BoroUj!h Ace<i_"'~i'lnt's

I

"rlt'~~::~;r~~~~:1. deparlmept (includmg the ccllect~?n

.E

I

be .issued ttiI' each Householder by-- the Loc~l Food
"
and 'supplies will only be obtilillable I by ~he , holders

I,

rates, Borou.qh and District rates,
etc.) ab,orbed £2,754 and the Bo,rou"h IS;nrv,eyJ)l".
department total led £1,717
part~t, £1,994;

OIark,
OU.'lh

550; Clerk of
rODer, £200;

lI N

£788; Manor F""", (Steward),
stable, £600 j Chief I.Jlbta.rj,an,
Engmeer and Ma.nager £6(}() i
SIqall sala.rie~, made up a tota.l of "'0,0"",

I
I

,

RNATIONAL STORES
•

1,5 97 1

The amount requae<! to b. r!U..d ' 10i IBorough
ra.te purnoscs dt.I:rlllft the year, ~fter deductmg a.
surplllll on March 31st, 1917t,. of £3,500, and a
portion oC

too

, ~mwa.ya
19

profits

£62,693

and

TEA ;: COFFEE ~: GROCERIES :: PROVISIONS

year , 1917-18, whlch are in course of1 cp'lIcct,on

amountmg to £4,000,

School

THE - BIGGEST· GROCERS IN THE WORLD

THE CURRENT RATES
The next pages contain det<uls ~of the ~a.tes
for the Borough a.nd Geberai ~DIstllct 1at~s for the

fot [ 1916 17

or I ~he

total

a~Wlt reqU ired for the year, £45,545 18 ft)X edu-

0t

catIOnal purposes, £1,925 for plU-pose::l
the Pub
llC Li.brn.rles Act, a.nd the balance for CorpolatlOn
POT'[Ioses, mc1udUt'g' the mallitenanc~ of ItJhe pthce

WOMEN'S
WORK.
"

AT

forpe, elc

The Geneml Uistrlct ..te ,estlmate
after deducting the s!lrplu8 on 31st Ma t'fh, 1917:
£1,424, and taking mta COllSJderatlOn' jtbe sums
be trl\llsffnlld 10 ald 01 the rate Irani tl!e El:chequer contnbutlon accou"~, and a. .... ortlbn of the
profits from the Waterworks fund and ille lilarm
equal to 28. 9d. in

compaOlc."

I

Whenl the l

rumbers

incll',;u;ed,

j

of 1. lOd. and Is! lld in the £. r1lr~)nv'lv
e<Jpal to a rate of 3s - 9d In the £:
Will be levled The rate, last..
t!Velv : BOrough, - 2,.- rOd
Os 7d ; tot.1 6s. 5d. The
lo~one , penny m the £
A staooment 01
Education
receipts
followed

.

Atthough we h nvc from time to time comm ~cd r'd,I!r'a.y Trace Unions ()pened
upon the gallant acbmvements of mdlvldua! Ru~ \lomen, ort1 the underRt.and'ng,
sla~ ' 'Womcn, It hus been dIfficult to get any women's l~I1.WOl.Y wClr!... W<HI_t."",pO,:p·!·y ,
the mel muon of
1ll
oolierent Id(la. of the p,iOSltlOD of RUSSIan women pl eJudlcla.1
re-OI~"~~:i:h:~~J<';~la~:di'l~
as a whole In connectIon With mll~ta.ry aDd C1Vll pre Wa.I
8eI"Vlce. It IS only recently that It has become wa.y
evident t hat the ~a.rmg explOIts, on whIch the men and women TheIr aim was
Press has be2t.6wed lW bemzon, nre not Isolated flom undel1ieUmg men's ntbour In
f
only held -pen'<.img men's r ctUl"U
m~£a.nces of bra.vcry, but form part 0 an organ- August, 19] 5~ I the F...xccubve
'iscd woman's movement In the earhest stages N a.tlon,1.1 UFUOO of Radwa.r men
of the wal the achievements of such women as to thls efl'i:ct ~o the Government ,
Alexandra. Ephlmovna., ~who !Won for hersell a com- ernment assu~mcd of eqna.! ra.les t)f ])fL-y
mlSSlon m a. Cossack Regiment, were perhaps and women, tpe condit.lOn of the Umons
nghtly vlewed " aa cXGeptlonal and due to m - thc ~ ll<bour tliuce
Tho Govcrnment
,
th th first
necessary a.!jsurancc
divldual ~mperilmcnt. But 'WI
1f
SlgnS
Techm cally,1 the flnt-r a.te is
of WU.Vel mg ll} Ut-e ~U8S1a.u Army, aU RUSSian rnerl a.I1d women on the r~~t::;~~-;:-',h:'~h::'~
women 1;lega.p to )Delma towards shanng m thl} 5tlmb mlIumum wage
.
wa.~, not mcr~IY as :1uxthary workers, but ·88 actIve ployers ha.ve jevaded the
meinbers of the figlitmg UOlts, a.nd when Mme by dlfferenti.~tmg I.~lgel y
Boohkareva. formed h er 'Vornen'g Battahon o( p~R.id to men and ~on '~ n
Apnl,
~h sbe w~s but. .qeadmg , a. movement whIch National Umon of R!tl hvayroen plotested
bu.-a 1iclund It lth e ~~I\lpport of the countr:y;'s woman- the mcreased ponus bemg vnthheld from
h ood. The E.~tt.a.hon lof Death went. up t.o t.he f5lDCC It resulted In the women's
fron,t to filJ l'P ,L gap : left by d.serters It took being vlftualJy
less than the
its ~hale or I pl1so't'lc~, It suffered Its share of wn..c; rf'ferled to a.rbltratlOll bllt the
LO~s . It only- differed from ~ men's bat~hon m lost It.S pcmt
The result I ~ ~t,h a.t bf
leaviog no CfLptlVC.S ill German ... li~
Each women'l:! week}v/ wage ba.s fallen
woman-soldit:r had wltli lier ,1. pOl§ODJ ra.}iOD, and below the meu's ThLS Dl1'!ans that th,/O•.BP"·U"
when." ca.pture seemed 1IDlmne.nt ' she : used her differential b ob us system there haa

lor

year, and t~ hulf-yenrly General

or

pa.ratlvely f ew women wero employed

TH'J·; NEW RUSSI.\ -

account o( £4.900, amounts;to £81,952 'i'wo
yearly Borough rates of 19 5d Ilnd Is 4d. In

F:, respectIVelY,

WOMEN 0:< THE RAIJ,'Hy -j
The present posltlOn of ,\omen
lhe
II some", ha.t ambiguous
PrlOr to the

/

U<J1~~~~;:~~t.
t:~~'~:!
To

is

7

last DJ""ns of avoidmg It. StIli offiCially women , c"ely what !to,lway Umons
wele not l'ecbgnu:led a.B members of tbo Russum outset a.nd e¥eavoured to pTI"ent-- ,,'onlejl

EM[l>rI:OYERS' CASES.
C SmI Lh, 40, C2, manager, In
of th,e Dnt18h a.n~ Argentme l4;e.t

v

mon.th. WI Lh leave j
..
A West, 30, C2/ letterpress ~~~~:~f.' ~fn'ler,
employed by Mr p , E_ Palmer,
A. F ord, 31 , 11\~ E1, CO~P081to~r~.·:;;'~~t;Dr.
workmg for Mr H T Morley, SL,.J :r Obver, ".36. m. C3, bread
employ 01 Mr F TIbbie, condItIOnal ex:e'lllf,tion,
. S N. Shortel, 19, 15, C3, ~clerk, in
of Mr H S Marsh, for whom Mr
appeared, two months final
G L. W leks, 36. ru , C3, clerk lor
B RQgers, condItIonal exemptIon

T S WhIte, 26, , • Co, motor 1'''''''''''ljc,

service of :M:r J \Vhlte , for
Batt a.ppea.red, condlt.Ional ex:~~~:;'~:..:!

T .. St.cwart, 35, 1m , C3,
for J BOOEIlcy, who was representcd
R K611t, conditional exemptIon
PERSONAL ' CASES.
E W Ea....t, 33. m , Dl, packmg
employed a..t Huntley a.nd Palmers •...ay.x

o t EmbllOg, 36, m, C3, clerk
and Palmers, two months fina.l
,
R C Mund.v, 19, s , Co. dll'Cctory c*rlv,.•",,.,
QOnditlPnaJ OD his mothet's hcaJth
J

Rogll"B.

33, m, C3. rent

~ollector '

months.
!
Heard, 32, B3, mana,R'er
Da.\fLp Grelg,
In \Vhl Ch CMe Mr
'1' R Kent n,ppcaljT.' three
mont.hs With leave
I
A.. 8 8a.Jrer, 32, ~B3 , electrical engl{l er, prop.,etor 01 the Felgate Elo¢ric.~1 Co, lor whom
Mr Sydney Drain appeared, tljree m0r,' tho wlth
]ea.ve
~
I
I
J W. Collbj., 33, C2, 0,1 o.nd gon ral shop
keeper, condItional' exemptIon
~
E. ChadWick 42, s., Cl, ' pork but\ili,,'s """st- ,,'..,. , , " e ... , P"lTri",nl,; :'.ltIln"'",",
ant to Mr. L Rogers, three mCjnthB With leave
H Phlllips, 27, 5, ca, ta.:ri-cab driver, wortmg for W_ VlOccnt, SIX months w~t.h lea.ve.
I
CAVERllHAM CASES
W. KnIght,. 39, Bl, basket and rod grower,~ for
whom Mr B att l1op'peared, SiX m1}ths WIth Ieve
T H Parcell, 39, m , C2, com sltar at WV'fnan
and ~DS, condltlona.l on holdl g his :protectIOu

pcrtv manager,

"r

SLX

far

I

Army , More al}d more forced their ;way III
divldua;lly to l the frout; the maJorlty began to
orl\ull1se in tol 1Yomen'~ ba.ttuhons. By tJus tlmc
the~ were womcn sal rois, and another of th~ .sefvices &ppearea IpossIble for women The pOSitIOn
.b'''J l;'SI~_~:m",!:en~e''~J to-day ~ 13 not grea~lv changed There Me t.housands of ~.o~en drillUlg In Moscow aud Petrograd Th eIr Ibn.lr 18 cropped, t.hey wear brooches,
they do scve~ llQurs ~nll a. da v i they a.re almost
lodlstmgmsh3.ble from men ,"Vomen have volunteered to tram a. bn.t~l~hip crew and their offer
bas been acrr:epted But although ~r. Kerel\sky
wo~n's ,var-servlce, hIS acceptance l S
shU unofficial
Officml l'l~cogmt'on~ however,
cannot be lCfg postponed The #Se rvICes of Russlim women Ilare too valuable to be refused and
thm .pmt is too J flue to admit of crltICl8TJl.
Slaughter mt y not be women's work, but the
'Woman w,ho fwlll ' sacrifice her woma.nhooq on the
altRr of pat.qot.lnn. IB a herome self-ev1del\t
RUS$ia.n w bD').en do D!)t oonfine theIr setvic~ to
the batt.le6.eld '.fQ~ reahse too welt tne perm.a.nent va.tu¥ pf thorqughly estabhshm"t romcn's
la.bour 1n evfn'Y spHere, and since t.b" RevolutJbn,
whe" they were promlJ!ed the votQ lor tho Constitusnt -Asabbly, 1they bavs' been coming more
and morn i~to e\"idenc~ m publIc hfe In lM-ay,
1917. ii. Rusl'nan National CounCil of 'Vomen was
formed to drganise a lI c1n.:~~es of women's wOFk
At thiS tlml~ women ba.d Just been ndrmitcd to
the :MoSCt)'W'i Bar; by June the ]UdICla.l evstem
had hft~n Tflorgani."Ied.
Ma~l~tr:::lks- were to be
elected wca.~y, ond men and women were eligtble
on 1(1entlC'aJ I~S I On J1JT1e 2nd the th'8t woman
judge was e c'ted About. !thc sa.mE\ tIme & woma.n
W'Q.8 "ppoin t~ to a Iprominent a.dmmistrative post
A neW' dep~ment of public welfare w~ formed
and the Countess ~aniD was offered and a.cc~ted
the post O~I AssIst.nt ~lnI.ter Russ,. at [ea,t
mflkca n.n ~ort not to Wltste its labour Enr1\r
thIS )'car aU wofpen doctors (who ha.d not famihes
smn. U cllIldren) re~ l!LQblhecd The recogniof the :y,alue of iWom~n'~ WOT'k hM been mamlv
to t4ei~ ceasele!'!!'1 effortB towards recogmtton
--efforts 'Wqu!h have become really effective SInce
backed by thE) prOIhi~e of the vole TPe enerjTV
of RUI;I Rla.n Il women I st."l.rtle8 bnt does not ~ppal
Then' vltn1i~y' hn.s not un8u ed them When even
the "Morniii.g Post" -With its passion for the
domestic Vlttues, 'and lts chlld,lke fait.h in the
nnYSlcfll foljCC IlJlti ~uflra.ge a.rgllment-nngs round
RUSS111'S Britomll.tt with an editonal haJo, thcrA
cannot be !.nvthin~ seriou.ly amiss With Dntomart's .!"o,~~llOOd !I,

I;tn:.llB<,t1~, :1\I.nd

1

H S Gardiner, 40, A t optleian. ana wa.tch'
mJ'-kcr, three montha WIth lea.ve.
F J 'fumer, 37, m. B3. wiarebouseman,
tmveller, etc, November 15t.h WIth ea.ve
H ~, C Teny 37, A, bootmaker and rep,"'e.~
months With leave.
I

S F

py W

De.n, 18, . ,

~",

fitter'. mat •• employed

Bn.rtOll, two months With

ground of domestic hardship

lea.ve on the
~

W, A Wellman 39, C2, mlli hand, in the employ of Drown and Lllly, relused
, I

i

THOUGHTS

~ T.

I

-F..oR1fY.

,

In the case of his health a. man, It b8.8-hJen '-\14, i!'.
either a fool 01: a. phY81cu1.n fit 40. For thp IverllJ!'ll
ma.n it sl10uld not be difficult. to be healthy upd 1D h IS
~rime at tbat age.
I
! WIth tho weaker 88E the oase i.e diffnflnt, fpr this
age i8 huble to brio¥ ' With it an~etj~i D.n~' hcn1th
tnall t
many wQIqen .uft'er tporp than

n

ato,

~eretogt~ee98Xl"'!te,;;acer adoIVthe"":bn~~al ";,~Â¥.it:~:;~
c

""
now prevaihD~

!

That IS to ~av , they are
sidered when overtlDle pav is fixed
In practIce his regulat.ion does not
large Dumber 1o f women , as most
way 'Workshop8 come under the jI~Dvi.io",'
Munition of War Regula.tlons,
~m:~r.~:

It

highly ml':!P0us and one
tho~ugh inve,tiga.t.i.on In view 01

18

mcrease m the employment of women
-an increase laccoromg to latest
1.240,000 I'ilnC6 July, - UU.!J.-..:;.it LS all
that equal pa.y for Mlla.I work should
pa.rtIculctFiy in 8.J.l mdustries where
women .compete. I.

I ~ ~
I
THE' END OF

'T~ GRILLE
.lLCI
n i lS With the.l greatest. pU""'Ill'<..tJilal;-.,.{h.,ll'
Parltrunent's deqermination to
It ~M long tJed an offence to the ..11....o:fpect
the Joccup.nt: lol' the ladies' gaJlery,
art!stlO taste o~ the Bouse.
In
shared the pubhc gallery WIth men,

on one ocx:a.mon refused to leave It at the
'the Speu.ker, ~~y were depnved o( the
for a tlDlG 'When allowed to Z'f't.urn
sepRJ:'ated £Tom other VlSIt.crs by the
clvlhsation of dTIB has ~wen place to
tIOD. of to-dayf ,The grille baa not
surv~ved so long no ODe qUlte !m.d"'CSI<~dl~
th~ €ommons have e..t lut
thIS hideoU3 structmc, suggesting a..s It
secret In conneetion With the ZOO, IS
to by tolera.ted j So to the "';;":~:r.:{it~:.tl

anr Irate

hament.ry meniment 8lld an
£5, Ithe gnlle hr g_on_e_!_ _

THE WO!JI:EN'S ARMY AUXILIARY CORPS EOllSING OF THE WORKING l'wL'l<j." "
Confu81O~ is t he ndltlon to ' be antlcipatei:J m
Smce the pr~vlslon of h ouslOg room
tIie mmd that fint tUflls lts attentIOn to the his· workmg classes Seem~ hkely to be one of
tOly of w qlnen'S ~ar ,",ork It 13 scarct'lv SUr- complIcated. as well as one of the most 1P,'e.;,~mg
,6

,

oert16cn.t.a

bemlg forccd ~~mst thclr own lIlterests t o
seU im en's 1ab9Ul
It; ma.kes iari apprecIa.blc difference
worfer whether or not bis or ber bonuu,s~v~IS~[;:~~:o;.~:
as war wa.ges If lt IS hollda.y and (;
rates are based ! on It, othcnnse ,nl ~' n,,,In
flat·tate All I rrten workmg In
the \ railway liaye theIr bonus reckolled
wages. and a women wor!..mg on
proper But t.he overtune Rcale of pay
m the I'tl.l1wayi workshops IS stili based
ra.te l A new milwa.v agreement of
for iWorkshop pay, ""bIle raismg the
classes of workers, expros!)ly state!,! that
case) of men n.nd boys It shall be reckoned
wages, but fot women tile meren.ses

pnsmg wh~n we c9D-sld-er tba.t, from a I!oclety 10
which w~en were!! where posslble , ex:oluded from
pubhc serv 00, W t;! ave suddenly been trnnBmntcd
mto a. IOC ty that 1'e11es upon It.S women to do
.1.,;
d
k 0
~
t

1

all

1\0 ,

ev~"day grm

Wor. · ppo"un, y

w...

father to ~nterl)ri:1' an~ enterpnse t<l orga.rnsa·
tlOn ThQ. 'brg:m 13a.~lOn family has been somewhat
e.... t.ensivD ~
,
H owe\'er; now 'Uj0men's work IS gettmg into
ns
sbape It
or~~ri:Sed under the N o.t1On3.1 Ser
Vice Sche , which ad (our mQ,)ll dh 11S10ns in the
women's Iect1On-t (! , 'Vomen's Auxlllary C01'pB,
the Womoh's ' Lang Army, tpe V A D . •nd the
TImber (~
f el1D1en~l !!c!bemes1 SectlOn The seo
·
tion who workin hO G been ~east understoo d IS
perhaps tb~ Womenis Almy AgXlha.ry Obrps
Early in~ the war l lt
clear that there was
B.F.C_ an operiinp;: Ifor woplen worker\,. in army: KItchens,
ca.mps and cantecn~~ Tbb Women's LeSl'lon underBI'~dIoj,d '1lt. 1I r," .. 2 G took to tram wome~ cOoks a.n~ WaIh estJefI, and bat!
placed dve[ 6 000 10 VarlO\lS C8rppS , Mehnwhlle
RFC., women are filling *osts as motor drIvers, store3 Sergt. wamen, te epbone ~erator!;, etc. anrJ. It. became
obvious t:b'&t I Q. cQ-j ordmatmg organIsa.tion was
E F wanted 'llhe WOIDt:n'5 ..~U'qy Al,{llul'ry- Co1'PS it!
the coI11biD1\hon of Itho ' Women's beglOn and aU

r-

grew

A.

the country to de.1 WIth supply .nd
mg materia.l. method~ of

tion of labour for bmldmg and p"~ntl!ng
There ale ObvIOtlS reasons why
uon ItS 1\ 'Woman's quest.lOn Every
should be made to eDsure women
loca..1' commlttees_ We noted last
Arcllitect.ural A~SOClatlOn schools are

womlm -Women who o.re lull y trained
to!
v'lua-hle
members of
tec ,hould p-ve
.. '"
n

r

tees bl Ch bn"-e the final decISion on all 11"0" '. ,,, ,,·
of local house phUlIlmg

SECONDARY SCHOOLS

l'Ei~~:~~~,~;t:l

R i cently we rer~red to the
mlt.tte appomted to dotclffil1le a.
Sa.la.rlt!S fOt elemental'" sch ool teachers
comrtutt.ee ba.s l\OW been (.'onsht.uted b y
d~nt l 01 the B9al d of Educabon te
sa.1RIlies for second,tr,) "cbonl wacbers

other .ocj~\!e. ~0f,rn"" With "",men', armv twent.y members of thIS comnl1tt.ee,
~01k l it ~n i6e8 I'll women's work {!onn 'lc~d , With womcn :F'lve In ti enty IS a small rel".q,.rd"IH
the =y at home d .broad I It has ""ntrollers of '~ omen when the n umber'! of Imen
and .dmlI}ultrato~ who SUpervIse and lIlspect', secondary te,l.ciJ.els are a.lmost equ"l,
and .- ~ IcontroHero "il.o. V1'((ooi'. the .tr.nge- we must deplote' the fa ct tb,t th,~ .qdiff~~~n""'i'~I ;" ;
ments for each I detnchment of workers ¥embcl"S IS to 'be made a. po:::sible ca.use of
of

the Corps welU'J a , khaki nru(oTITl, and t.helr

Cre..-, badg-es roe combinati9ps of ro~es and flCllr de lys

whi ch varv With tboir rahk
The onlv t:\Plamln~ oonfusion has been connected With tlia enrolling :systcll1 R~OI1l1ts l h ave
~.n lelt In eonoid.....ble dottbt .. to whether to
applY to Devonshtre , Hal1~(h the headqullrten u!
the Women I.' Amv Au~mal'l' Corpe. or sl - Er, 2 mU\'Sl jHptel".t1io 4"Jld9u ....
·o! N.ti0ral SerB'"
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