Reading Observer 06-1920

u

READI

TO
OF DELAY
S~(}E;~~E:Dft~~ seconded
lobe resol ubiQn,

D'~.~~:~;~ SUIOIDE FROM<
ROAD BRIDGE

rema.rkJ .tald he did not
!)t%~:f~~'>:·;;P:
~
.il~;~
from !.he UnavOl'Slty 01
T'
forwa.rd tbelr claIm m
m negation to ob]ec
antiCIpate oppo!1tlOn

A 'TIONAL
A N~

..

....,il~inolitutlo~~~
!~ E:'~~;
A PROBABLE D\IEVELOPMENT OF UNIVER,SITY,
theY
a.
clock:
a.
COL,crGE
1.1-':'
the policy of the production of
• I
befo~~e:h~~ tf~: urpt7.t.1o~yC~as~: ~!tO~!
I'
,k\
~
~~~~i~~~~g~~~~D;:~~
x. didT~ot
!p.pnte,
THE NEED FOR INDIVIDUALITY
~
~h~'U;~t ~rikol~~·ol?;'!·~.~ .::
nobly I and if
we~ refused DOW
puttlll& back of the.
and

to

he A1IDed .t

I,;

Un!

&Iltt<tpal.e

~I

,

I'

'

but

a pel"

rom...

1

M:r ALFRED PAL
iltnmgth an4 IIOlutlOO., Bald he cou.l
\
,
oplpOr'l1.<u,£". ,t begin. to Th .... w .. ""0 quoOtl
ho ll8Jd. tlIat the Oolloge
'-o'h._........,
...
..,t,
step
has
thy
...,.,.,1c:
been
WlllOll
had
1
b,ld
Wl.
1.
-.r;"'~!;~~t~
'
~
~~~~'
I
upon
lte
stage
wa.!I
WlloI!I nat &arVmg & m lit tl8eful purpose In this
~
t"-""-.
I
"""" ..
WIth UlJ DlOI"tI than
yean ago, and aa part. of ~gland and In the country at la.rco,
'takeD JO the paL forward mlov~\.'i..~~hilch bud ;~:n~8~:
ten
BOOn ~ that. questIon of the fntare Wall aquarely a.nd, "hould It be g ted the,.royal charler, the
for Its object. the gra.otmg 0 a. ~ 0 lD e- added to
would &lz.o
fa.ced l~e clear that only one 8OInti0ll would part ilt would De 'Ut a ~on to play would be
~ndenco to Unl......ty College, Reaain
, g. aod the ~a.l~U!C&t.ion. of the
~~ ' I t and ....,Jly our logIt.imato lIpiral.lOOO ..on greater At tho ~t 'u1\e It altracred
,.old
b ~-II
Hall -r--1I.....
..L""",,, 80 U Ion
wa.s UDlVeraity mdopendcmce . . It. lItud&l;lta from all 0V'8l' the oounf.'-·, In faCt, there
great megtLDg which WM .b
111 to tt V\1 ege
lng.
a.t t'ld one
~ aaid then, It liaa treen eaad l!!I:uico, IUld dO'llbt wa.s not a oounty
dJd n-:l supply ODtI or
on Wednoad.y. at ....h,ch so_ of t bo loading When they ~. of •
1... WI!! b. 8&ld aga>n. ".Me thoro no other JOOr<> studonta to Uffi"""ty ColIe!!!'. Roading
pronded lee alt.ern&tl1.. eef For e:J:a.mp1e. ... Why not go on 9JJ It. ~ a diatin Iva ehuader of II;!, own,
edueatlonal",t,a In too country :werel on the plat- mean merely an
{onn a.nd among the audu)Dce may welt prove turl3S and d ed out. informlltJon tA> thOlJ8 who you are'" What td08l!!l thU proposal mean? It ana they had &1wava odr:ed on the hoes 1of ..
,
f ha
attended, all and IJ1lDdIy Wben they ~ of 8. meaz13 ~&t the whole of our UOlvet"81t,. teaching- UD1or@T'Slty, but all Mr ChIlds had Bald, they l"&to be i\ red letter day In the a.nnaJ. 0 w t J.a UntTet'Slt.y ~ me&nt aomet.hiDg mach ~ aDd there are now 200 universIty degree student. quired Independence 10 ortiS' that thet!' field
than that-a l COTpOrate hfe, a. commuDlty, .. 10 this Colleg~lJJ to be earned on 10 perma.nent might be If'ldened There wu ... oert.alD IJr a.bOut
boped Wli lbecomp, apa.rt lrom the anC10nt Instltu
tlOllI> ot Oiforo a.ud Ca.mbridge, ! ono of the SOCiety of m~n anq "Women devoted to .toudy, BUb)eotl~n to a uruvermty whIch has no othe:s; the plal:e which was due' to a. certain ene.nt to
foft'lTtost. UDlVerlltU)8 In hl\e f!OUth l of England ieanllng and fa'5earch; something that po68eS&ed coonection Wlth ll8, namely. the External Uni· the po8fe8S100 of halls of readence, and, th:U!I "tolD mnn)' respect s it 18 a.lready uDlq~e aa being B hVing body. and 8Ou1 Wlthm It , That W8JI VenJlty of London It mea..ni that our ProfeesoNl get.be.r irith/ the 111gh SPIn_t due. no doubt, to the
1
wha.t they meant whoo they spoke of a Un! and !d1urers are to ha.ve no VOIce 1Il the O0l1l"Se8 boa.utiInl surroundmml and bol1dlp/~·, would mal-e
It
'l'Rr. agru:u uraI co11 ege 0 f the coun ry, spec1B. IS
vemty ~,.g Coli e had aeveral pa.rtu:ular
r st-.
h ch th
- '1 -.
t
It
,
01t
),
cuI
d kindred
ege
UIU rLW 1
ey are !,;OW ou upon Q
tbe CoUe~ llotlIUlh e.xceedlngly
erkRlut'e, a.nd
109 In agrJcu nrc, room ture, ru1
qualifications to be a. UmveJ7:Utr.. In the tint moons tbat our students. a.re io p allS -~r~;;';;i;;. 1 ReadlUg In particula.r, was well e.qmpped In tbe
ItubJcds It has a tutonal system and a. system place Rea.dm gj WAI) no mea.n Clty, 1t WM a. town us to be enrolle d as gradua.tes of a. u
ma.tter of ~duc8.tional facilltlM There were tbl!
of h~ Lls of resldence for studenta~oDd to Done whIch had &fkeen corporate bfe and a. great 'vhlch ha.d nothlng to do WIth
elementary"acbOOIs which opened '!P to ,econda.ry
'11t he count..ry and It seeks now, and nghtly 80, pubbc Bpmt BlJtl It was not one oj thOle great e::tamm~ them and tako theU' fees
8ch~i, suoh 9.8 tlle famous ReaSfing School, to
b:lk
•f
f tt
! Ii\em
bieb. cenLrea of po latlon such aa the Metropc?hfl or thmk. 'T"hl\t we pleaaE? a.bout INch
w hleb Ima-nJ county 5Oholan w~t If the charter
ra: a,w-a.y rom a.n en e enng fY :lbno W
the great In Ustrial CIties of the north where What,? ca.nnot 1l&J. 19 that It IS
wero to be granted to t r UnIvmnty the prment
robs It of mdlVlduaht.y and lDdepe;nEd ee, that. oorporate life land social and lea:med mt&nxmrn freedom I tt. . m t.be/ very... negation of
re1atlOp,8 between the
hoolll and the College
makes Its pro£esaon mere cage 10 a. metropolItan WDIS m&de e:rl~ely dIfficult _~ Jocal conditions .and no prodent. body of people- would
would 1'00 lmproved alld dened, and a complete
rqachme, and prevents It. oompl~ g d crowmng No, tho cbaracte.ri8t.1CS of Ub.lverrnty College, perma-nept future of their Col1~go upon t~
change wrought. In t h ma.t1et of educa.tion&!
iis ~pade worc.'by g-rBntmg Ita stu ent. degrees Reading, fitted It a.dmirably for becommg all. In Sumptlon that an anomalous "Yst:em of this
fa.ou1t..e!
•
_1--l
_
,
dependent
UmVBl"Slty
Reading
had
the
good
ca.n
lndqfinltely
contmue
,
I
1 d 1
th
d
war e or an 'fon m elr own ~
k
fortune to ~ already those excellent bwld
Then ~t 18 !K)metlmee II8.ld, If Can~ Oxford
CORPOR:A.TE LIFE E88ENTlAL
"Mr J H Ben Ion (Lord Lieutenant 0
er· tngs on the edge of the oounty, a.nd, JIlOre;ov&l', 80Tll6thing for you"
'I'be~ 18 mdeed a
Th8~YOR moved.
ihHe and l.Jre.sldent. of the College) p'l'Mlded a.nd was m the centre of an l~t agncnJtural and a. true one, ' 10 which It can be SBJd
If ~a.t tlllS meeting pled,. Jtsd1 to npport
th ere wero a.lso on the platfonn th~ Right Han d latrlct I t hid Its own mdustria.l hfe, but not Oxford has done not only sometlung b ut fIVery
by + 1 means 10 ita power tJle a.pphcatlOn by
tne Ea rl of era." ford and Ba.lca.rr~ (Chancellor of web. Ai mze ,.a to make difficult the c;lose mt.er tbmg foaf this Oollege It waa from Oxford that,
U nt WS
, ity CQll~ Reading, for the grant of
of the Duchy of J... a.ncaster), L leut ~l LealIe 0 oonrwe of thosfl ensra,sred In teachmg nnd l~mg nea:rly 30 yi&rs ago, the Idea. of founding a. Col
a ahMte.r from
eonfernnJl on It tho
Wilson, U ~f.G , D SO, M.P • Prof_e680r \V ltI! I n the next ~laci 'he woUld like to call thmr leg,l at ~ng ortgmaJly proceeded, a.nd if my ... status of an mdepend t UD1Vem.ty n
Geldarl, C BE, 11 A, DeL (frofessor o f a.ttentlon to ne of the groot fca.tUI'68 of the colleague,l from Cambrltl~e IUld other UmVeT81tl88
Th,.4-t"freao!lltlOD. h.
d. formed a oorQlIa:-Engl ll!'h La." 10 UmvermtJ" of Oxfot"~ and F ellow College WhIch already exIsted That grea.t aild WIll t~~ my _ymg so, I tJnllk It. 18 true that
.... If
.~
of _~ 11 Samts', Oxford), Sir Geo
P arkin, ! aU Ullporta.nt feature wa.a 1tS preunt 6Ystem of much ~ .~ belt and most sa.tlsfactory m OlIl'li!e to the preTlOus reso'tutio
crystalJbed thOO1 into
K C hi f:l, LL D, 1) L (OrgaDlslljIg Represen l -resldential ~ngemente for Ita studenu There here 18 ~ly due to the mffueIlce Emd example of a.ction J and ea.rned tllem mto effect Be was
tatlvB of the Rha:de; ScholLlJ'ShlP TruSt), Sir Geo 1 were f!l.X of th",e re5uiencee m WhlCh the. maJonty Oxford !-But. m thUt partiauJar and cruct,.! matter ~ by reason of the fa.ct· that h. was Mayor of
Young (Cb[JU'mall 01' the Berks. Hlgh~ Education l of the ~anCed Btudente 111'00
There were Oxford. cannot help us For It. 1.8 an unchangtng Read'lng, and therefore, awke to them 1n the
Sub Committee) , Lhe Ma.yor (Dr G.\ S AbrAm), .homo8 far m t n and homes fOl" women The resl pnnc'p1e lof that ulUveI1l1ty tha.t no 'Person shall narrt6(J of t.he commeretal and Lpra£esmonal inhabit:M r Alfred Palmer (Chalrlna.n of tb Connetl of dentla.l
tern. >W3.& ODe of the aourcea of strength have tbe Oxford degree who baa not. fulfilled ants of the tOwn They ha.d. been told by SIl'
tbe;College) ],11· W 111 Childs, M Af (Principal), of therr
Clent Umvenntl&S and would be an tho statutory reqmrement of reaJ.dence. I, for George Pilltin that there were three tiUngs
Uld Mr F H WrIght (Reglt!.trar of the College) enormous IOUrq" of rtrength to the Uruvertllty of one, ~ that. whatever che.lJJ(e15 of being may
.uppo~ tbe grnntmg of a cha.rter to
There ",ern a100 present 10 the body 'o f the hall
Rea&l1hg, WhLC4 tbey hoped soon to see created
be In store for Oxford, she WlU never abate the
one
the finanCla.1 support,
lin!' Childs, Canon CoJendge, -M aJor M L! Further . lt w~ Dot enough to lecture ~ the fI gour oft her apphcatlon of that p11nclple The
to ma.ke th-elr cla.un
P orter, M B....E J Mr E W K Slade, Mr A J I students, but ~ey should be kept under the Talu- ]lOSltl0Jl fS undenJtOod at Reading JUit as well
and th~t~:t
Uackey Mr H G WIlhnk tbe Rev[v Dntton a.blo mJlu~C6f5 lof home hfe It; had been found as 1t Ie undenrtooa at Oxforrl, anti If It 5&Eml1t a.
Dr J Hopkms Walt.en ~{r W J Brom, Mr to he of ellormpus l'aJue that student." ShoWd be stroke
tementy to cuggest the fpUDding of a
L Hedgecock, the Rev \V Morlo Ra.wlmson, 'I u nder the charge of a- 1mtor w1th whom they could l1ruvemty, lJO near Oxford as n.ea:d.ing. I wt)uld
Colonel C6tebrooke-Carte r, Ur W J Swea.tman, diSCUls any dlfJicultle8. which Inlgh'b'r a.rae, and remlDd
thot Do repl"8ll;tIltatlve of Oxford has
Mr J Wilhams Air W J Henma ,Professor .alto theI r wor~ ~o bun for mHtruction- a,nd cntl- already ~ken from thia ptatform thiB afternoon,
de Burgh Mr H G Rmnbow , Pr01essor Edith t Citro. fhat s~ had been develo~d to a very that oth~r dtstingu~ed reprosentatlve5 are In
laiorley, Canon R P Newhouse tbe Ven Arcb l1:lIg b degree 1n Umvers:tty College., Uea4mg" eluded
Uns &udienoo, that many oth8l"8 wonld
d edcon Dut at, SIr R B Dyke Acla.nd, K..c , Those two featlh-e.a .made Rea.dmg College ~mque b&ve been here if they oould, and t.ha.t. among ~ ~~:~~~;J
Mr L G SuU<>n, Mr C A Fera~ tbe Rev among modern !lDstltuttona of a IUOlvennty cha:r I the Slg11&~ttre3 to our appeal, which not only a.ska
R H Hart Do.'nes Mr W B ~eden the a.cter--the,t. fo$ed. a. strong and. tellAble b'IoI!IIs for donat~ona, but sets forth the CtIBe for a. tlDlRev F J C Glllm~r,. Mr A W
dor, Mr T for the life of an mdependent. Umvetalty m "nI'n'tl_ oDartor, 18 the 8tp&tti.re of the pte88nt
Skul'ny'. Mr nnd Mrs C G Field, Mr A G Readmg and wbuld be ~banced 10 the future. Vlce-L"ha,qoellor of the Unlv=-stl.y 01. OxfOrd It.
\Vest Mr W Ha,nes, lIr W H oward Palmer, I H the-y looked 11sewhere they sa.w how great the eelf
!
Mr ~ C Mylne (Mayor of Wo1ri1gbMn), t he dmand for edll~.tJOn, espeCIally lof a. Umversit.y
Once mote, It 1lI lJOUletimee Ald, "Whv
Rc\ E J T Bagnall, Mr H G Keeton nature, had beQOme mnC8 the VF'" In ¥. own merge th~ -.College In London? Why not become
Headmaster
Readmg School), ~Ir ~les Uruver.uty, befC1f6 t,Jle WfL'r there were barely two & COfUIt4tiMnt College of London U n lverslty ""
3le"ard Smith. loft S
R
WliitJey. Mr tbowmnd students, but now they ba.d nearer four or,
Why not Joon some fedora.llll\lvemt.y
W C Blandy, Colonel KenSIngton, :Nlr S Bav I tboulrtLnd,_ e.nd t~at. 'lUfDber was likely to be con sytltem?" I bope I shall not. be mumnderstood
,..-ar-d
IMr
J
W
Beckley,
Mr
F
W
Dormer,
I
sldeT'ably
lncooa8ed
a~
an}
tune
The
preaent
if'1
88.y
at
we are not ena moured
the pro\
,he Rov H B Naah, Dr Beodle, lMr F .A ! dema.nds for liTmverslty education were web. l oot. of m~rgtng t hl.8 CbUege In the
• Sor~ant., the Rev R , Wlckham-LeggJ and many I that the old Umvemtle8 could. not pomnbly London ev,letl If It were
f.o do IilO I
•
I
supply It wa.s jqwLe cleM tha.t Readmg CoJlege of no one who would
such
UHA.IRl.:L\N announced npolog l~!'J for non mWJt obtrun a. UnlVe1'8ty status Jor when once
I. .tllinel"n..
Lord Onslow (Chnmna.n 'Bllcks an academIC bod)" had reacbed tbft. dev~oprnent,
!<~:~~!\:.~~
r Oounty
Professor Poulton
that ihdivldull,lity and' dl&tmctive character which
1>1
Michael
one saw 1n UnH'Cr81ty College, Roadmg. It waa
Duly shackhng ~d hampenng... Jt to -mue It rely
on Its e.:s:a.mmatIPns by alten &lid {orelgn people
'Who bad nothlog! to do WIth the terachmg Md tbe
curriculum of ~he atudenfA
What 1J.epd,n g
wauted now, oollc1uded Pro!euor Oelda.ft, waa
freedom. to de\-tlop 0)1 .. It.. Qwn h n-.s, "' having
Mown by tho w'ork It had wx>mpllilood '" /.lie
pASt h~w well ,t .... qualified" eplQ'.hl,~' md....
pendooce. , (AppIfo"') /
•
~I
\
-tho
EQUAUT~ OF OPPO~'1TIES
SIr GEO P ~KlN. u> 51lpportma ili. reaolumde- tlon, .saId he spoke. Wlth 80me uPenence~ as for
til. past. 20 ye"18 h. bad been conllocted .,th
lVork which brou'ght hIm mto a.n almost unlque
10 pro connection" Wltb lPla.ct-lcally ~ery Unlumty 1Tl
:6nt f the Enghah speal:ing world outJide. the Bntl!h
It wu Iales. With th ~ e.xpenence b~tnd i him h e
were W1sbed t-o POlOt. J mt thnt thBt moVl!Dlerit for a
bnt charu.r. whicb ~e boped to ... ~ .ocgmpliihed.
:~~~jt- ! was only a arnall ~rt. of a. great I movement of t he
most. profound ~l t;d U-hlcli was .,S,OlDg OD over
tb. wbol. of tho, English opeaJcilig world (Ap
-;;:~ " ~~;U~~i;';"d;;y pla.uge) In thIS Country: the. first 20 yl!6r8 of thlll
I'll
t century had seen !tho most astonislhng unlvenJlty
H.' th,ou"bt
I development. the vorld
had ever. known, and

•

1

'DO

...
~.t.idhe

Surtoyor'.

W~A'eatber

there

Wall ..

rau....-

!na.:

.........

--a-....

f

°

If

.lIB

, r
e&llod.

'daige%."",

u.

1b.... 1

p,..uee
motion,

the!f

e

I
I

ofl

YPu

ml

I

Qr

I

agaIn'l '

I ..

hod deli,'ft'Il\!
Agricultural
had. he knew,
at. the delay -iD

10 the preparatlon of an mtncate . ~::~::..;~~
t.ha.t Irind: which [w88 oontroVer81al m aof 1tS ~t.a and ....hich sought to
qUc:!St.lOn8 which! had been the 'lfP.bJect
peren1ma.l coD~ersy for genm'lotioD8,
reqwrod If ~ were to doal Wlooly
wlth II"l1 the dl~t pomte lovolved '" A
that W'88 W9ll done was warth W11ol~n.g for,
h. could only hope .hat WIth &II It. l..u,.
unpenect.ions, t.l\ey would feel that U:1e Bill
Wl>rtd:a. W&ltlD, for Whethel' It became an

"""""'Idopend

to • lorg• .m.nt
mao
tbe mouure of "",port whicjI It r:~:::.;~:~' ct_
country ft'om the vaa"lOlMI mtereete
The B,n had Wen d.e8Cl'l~ by ",me.
.. tlIo '" IDMl

WOllld of

WI~

bod~ 9~

!

on the railW&Y hne
way The man had I apparentl~
Fannon! ~." aond by othen .. an acneul- "in the
f&!lao
on
Ibe
~
of
his
bead.
which w... broke
tura! chart.el' 'I1hat, however, wa:a putting It on
xnuch too ~ a. basis At auy raU!t, It waa 10, eqKlSIDg the ~
Wm. B1g~ a. lad, of Willow street, etated that:
not t.he mtentidD of the Government. to bnng
~tween 0.30 p m and. 4p.m on Friday he sa;
111 a. Bill t.h&t "'18 to be onl,.. the cb.arter of thr.
or th&t :s~n, l or would shQ'W"iavour to one a. mILD walkin, aloPS- Tilebmst road wd.h &0 paJ
.. a~,ps> tlio l.Oterest of "'1ot.1IU• .rh. Govow of ~. on his sltoUldor The mao attr&ctod h,o
ment l-OgarQed life ~ .. on.qooytog • poI"'Y .tteht'l"" .. 00 'P~ TOry womed and up.... •
of natJOnaJ l~ce, 8nd sa such It waa eqUAlly H. waa proooedl~~e the r&ilW1loy bridge.

:

\

\

I \

\

I

\
\

"

\

Two women were c
aloUg ~nd, and when.
Imao got 'to thB bridge he placed the .to]lO
urban conllUl'Mr' (than ~o the farmaT and ag::p2P1. the
~ tlw brick work of the bndg. and lookod
turn! mterest, because llotl only upon Ita P;J~
OVe1"
When the women had golle by he mo~d
IOta 1&"", but uppn lta eff~lDg \.be resultll which
they ho:ped It 'Would s.chieftJ depended the safety the stope towarda tho ceo.... of Ih. bridge H.
then moonted haUj"",y up the atopa. halt.eQ to
and ·sufficie ncy of the nMiion's foOd SUPPlies tn
Lmporta.nt, and, J.!n fact, even more

110,

to tb"

1he

futuro

1

that~~~;~~~~~;

anH.
honest
deal
oould """"'" to
lliem

to .11
100
011

, I

WIpe his f""" WIth ~ haoditoiclllef. took 011' biS
and moonted ~ th.e top of tlIo steps, whe,.
he ap~ :to le hunself go ud l.s.ll over
As .tio deoeaaed fen from lb. atopa he

hat

plaoed his hat and bOth hando to his face Loo!,
Ing 0_ the br!dg~ he saw ~. man strike tho
-r-"""tiI'u~
With liia head WMfO ~ QDQI!I ~nt to
u
an adjOlD1Dg c.by,.,-,i &Ild tho,- telephoned fOt' tho

l,round

_!
"
The Cot'o_ retmnod. a nrdict: of
SuiCIde
whilst. of 1ll1JIOOIld

pol1e&.

roo-"

THt

J.

,

LATE
CpOPER.

-+1f----r

.\
\

I

i

~

i

i;:~~!~~~~~

x.::~~~:
1

I

I
I

I
I,

\

I

thoseDurhain
yea.rs Binnmgham,
Sheffield
1I WlthlD
LIVhooi,
and Bnst.ol...Leeds,
Had all
estab ,
to lished' important ! umvemt.l~ The creatlon of
I new uDI'I;enJtlOs would not we ,ken f ~d.lDg.. Oq,N,
but would strengteen them, and would bring on
a n ew type of st.u~ent
The reason for that was
tbat th~re ~"a.! ' a Iprofouud movement · gomg
tbab demanded tlia.t those thmgs I_hich a
v""'y conl'd grO'1should b. brought w,thin the

II

ln1i~tel y

larger numper of people
. l(Appl."...) Th. ""eaker th«j

r .I"';~'~ tQ gifts of. large tum. of. money
bed . WIthin . the past dar Ot'
been mad.

'0

t he univennt~ of Cambridie ..nd' Liverpool
fOT t.M furtJJ.era.nce of a. pa.rticula-r &tudy, The
m oment they B~ this mdustnal. hok Wl t.h
academIC sCtence t ey found i hey ha:d to e.nlarge
the mdustna.I Bld moo the larger a.lld fuller
hadl not ' seen 'One
tnwntng of um v~ty life
of those unlV81'8l~ wh1ch had it.ar-ted m on~
spoc>ali>ed aubject tha. haq not Wen lea ou
a study of &verythmg else, becaule once
made a. UDlvemty lcentl'e
lt Thn.t was

He

movemt'nt
th~ peopl.

sP'"t,~=,n~=:~

msplred a.t
_
t b..!.Own
JIad
lerredboell
to

:~i5~E~;i

I

.'

'I
I